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Final BMP Modeling Workshop September 29, 2011 UB Geography Department Sponsored by the Buffalo District of the US Army Corps of Engineers.
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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What Have We Done? Engaged with Stakeholders Acquired / modified / refined / verified required data – DEM, soils, landuse, cross section profiles Developed verifiable baseline models (Catt Creek and Clear Creek) Conducted field trips and workshops for two-way knowledge transfer Delineated watershed and stream networks to maximize sub-basins < 5 sq km Chose BMPs to simulate Chose modeling software to match basin size and BMPs to simulate Selected sub-basins to model Tested modeling software inputs or parameters to simulate BMPs Evaluated model results Baseline Models & Case Studies
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What’s Next To Do? Conduct BMP Modeling Training Workshop (today) Continue to engage with Stakeholders Acquire / modify / refine / verify required data – DEM, soils, landuse, cross section profiles Continue two-way knowledge transfer Incorporate lessons learned in classroom setting Develop and deliver a final written report Baseline Models & Case Studies
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What Else Have We Done? Refined the Erie County LiDAR data to recalculate bank erosion volumes compared to IPLER/RIT LiDAR. Baseline Models & Case Studies
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What Else Have We Done? Baseline Models & Case Studies Black = Strong Returns White = No Returns
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What Else Have We Done? Baseline Models & Case Studies Red = Erosion Yellow = Neutral Green = Deposition
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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10,000 yrs 1,000 yrs 1 yr 1 mon 1 day 1 hr 1 min Log time years Log space km 10,000 km 2 100 km 2 1 km 2 1 ha 100 m 2 1 cm 2 420-2-4-6 water shed 1 dm 2 micro plot hill- slope sub- shed basin Weather / Climate VegetationManagement Unit Soil / Lithology Erosion ProcessTopographic Scale 1 m 2 100 yrs 10 yrs 1MM km 2 globe -4 -2 0 2 4 -8 1 sec Natural Variability & Role of Scale splash wood stand canopy buffer grass front thunder storm breeze long waves El Niño interrill rill gully fluvial infiltration / moisturestructure texture depth tillage ridge horticulture orchard forest landscape evolution catena crop climate change
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BMPs by Scale John Whitney’s most important agricultural BMPs on WNY farms: Crop Rotation Conservation Tillage Nutrient Management Pest Management Buffers Other supporting practices include: Cover Crops (often part of the Conservation Tillage/Residue Management package) but also important for organic matter improvements Waste Management Contour Farming Strip Cropping BMPs by Scale
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Cover Crop Rotation Patterns BMPs by Scale
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Cover Crop Options BMPs by Scale
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Scale Dependent Model Simulations Models can only “see”/represent features larger than the basemap grid cell size Historic DEM cell sizes range from 90 m to 10 m, but most current USGS DEM areas are 30 m or 10 m grid cell sizes Models often aggregate landuse, soil, slope for the entire sub-basin to the DEM grid spatial reference and resolution BMPs which involve small changes like riparian grass buffers can be modeled without a spatial reference 1.WEPP models hillslopes (representative and real) 2.GeoWEPP models small sub-basins (< 5 km 2 ) 3.ArcSWAT models for larger watershed (> 5 km 2 ) 4.HEC-GeoRAS models single channels and overbank area Model Scale Dependencies
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WEPP Hillslope Interface Model Scale Dependencies
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Watershed vs. Flowpath Method Watershed – aka offsite assessment – Measures sediment yield at the outlet point – Less memory intensive – Take less time – Identifies problem hillslopes – Uses Dominant Soil and Dominant Landuse Flowpath – aka onsite assessment – Measures soil loss at each raster cell – Memory hog – Can take some time – Identifies problem areas within a hillslope – Uses Soil and Landuse of each cell Model Scale Dependencies
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Method Comparison WatershedFlowpath Model Scale Dependencies
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Watershed vs. Flowpath Methods Watershed Flowpath Model Scale Dependencies
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Short-term & Long-Term Processes Short-term: – Single storm events which demonstrate watershed responses to baseline conditions coupled with localized weather patterns – 5-year window (event year plus 2 yrs before and after) Long-term: – Statistically defined weather conditions based on historic patterns which operate over much longer periods – 50-100 year window (models daily/hourly averages over time) – Allows return periods to be computed (100-yr, 500-yr, 1000-yr storms and floods).
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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Workshop Outline Intro to Baseline Models & Case Studies Overview of BMPs by Scale Large-Scale Watershed Models (ArcSWAT) Break Small –Scale Hillslope BMPs (WEPP) Lunch
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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Workshop Outline Medium-Scale Watershed BMPs (GeoWEPP) Break Modeling Flood Levels & BMPs (HEC-GeoRAS) Break Instructor Assisted Self-Paced Exercises Wrap-up & Closing Comments
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What Have We Done? Engaged with Stakeholders Acquired / modified / refined / verified required data – DEM, soils, landuse, cross section profiles Developed verifiable baseline models (Catt Creek and Clear Creek) Conducted field trips and workshops for two-way knowledge transfer Delineated watershed and stream networks to maximize sub-basins < 5 sq km Chose BMPs to simulate Chose modeling software to match basin size and BMPs to simulate Selected sub-basins to model Tested modeling software inputs or parameters to simulate BMPs Evaluated model results Wrap-up & Closing Remarks
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What’s Next To Do? Conduct BMP Modeling Training Workshop (today) Continue to engage with Stakeholders Acquire / modify / refine / verify required data – DEM, soils, landuse, cross section profiles Continue two-way knowledge transfer Incorporate lessons learned in classroom setting Develop and deliver a final written report Wrap-up & Closing Remarks
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