1. Francesco Banal EASA Quality and Standardisation Director
Belgrade, 29 September 2006
EASA Standardisation
FBA introduction : insist on Standardisation rather than on inspections
A more proactive role
To reach a common understanding on the means of compliance
Achieve a even playing field
Cooperate between states
Francesco Banal EASA Quality and Standardisation Director

2. EASA Standardisation
Standardisation:
some definitions

3. a matter of definitions…
standardisation?

4. a matter of definitions…
In the common use
"standardisation"
means:
issuance of a common set of rules and norms
+ uniform application of the same

5. a matter of definitions…
standardisation
always starts with common laws and ends with their uniform implementation…
but could see its end through the many different ways to implement the laws

6. a matter of definitions…
common laws are not enough to achieve
standardisation
…we must be sure they are uniformly implemented

7. a matter of definitions…
In JAA/EASA terminology
"standardisation"
means:
issuance of a common set of rules and norms
+ uniform application of the same

8. a matter of definitions…
In the JAA/EASA terminology:
"rulemaking"
means:
issuance of a common set of rules and norms
+ uniform application of the same

9. a matter of definitions…
In the JAA/EASA terminology:
standardisation activity =
monitoring how NAAs apply
EU regulations in their countries and
in the fields under their competence

10. EASA Standardisation
The EC Regulation on
standardisation inspections

11. EASA Standardisation EC Regulation 736/2006
Commission Regulation (EC) No 736/2006
Working methods of the European Aviation Safety Agency for conducting standardisation inspections
OJ L 129, , p.1
- Date of issue:
- Published in the EC Official Journal:
- Date of entry into force:
- Deadline for working procedure:

12. EASA Standardisation fully implemented by August 2006…
- EASA procedures developed & adopted on July 31, 2006
First inspector training course delivered on Aug. 23, 2006
First three inspections terminated by Sept. 27, 2006

13. EASA Standardisation
The new working methods

14. EASA Standardisation The overall picture of an STD inspection: Opening
Preliminary meeting
Opening
session
Closing
session
Wrap-up meeting
On Site
10 weeks min
12 weeks max
As necessary
16 weeks max
As necessary
SofC
Preparatory phase
Reporting phase
Follow-up phase
Closure Phase
Visiting phase
Inspection
Programme
Preliminary Report
Final Report
Action
Plan

15. in regard to the working methods…
EASA Standardisation
in regard to the working methods…
Team Leader from EASA
Two (min) Team Members from EASA or NAA
Note: Reg. 736/2006 allows NAA inspectors to continue to support the standardisation activity (as in JAA system), but the team leader shall be always from EASA

16. in regard to the working methods…
EASA Standardisation
in regard to the working methods…
1 pre-visit briefing at EASA (1 day)
1 inspection visit in the country (5 days)
1 post-visit debriefing at EASA (1 day)

17. in regard to the working methods…
EASA Standardisation
in regard to the working methods…
Visit and findings to undertakings are only used as supporting evidence of findings to the visited authority

18. in regard to the working methods…
EASA Standardisation
in regard to the working methods…
Visits are conducted against a questionnaire (mainly based on section B of applicable part)
The visits are aimed at discovering weakness of the system, not specific isolated cases. Immediate safety hazard cases shall however be immediately fixed
A final report is issued to the NAA that shall answer with a corrective action plan within an established time
The European Commission and the Member State will receive the report
The European Commission may, at its discretion, inform all the other Member States

19. in regard to the working methods…
EASA Standardisation
EASA shall agree the action plan and conduct all follow-up to monitor the closure of corrective actions and finally report to the Commission
EASA may decide follow-up inspections
The Commission may ask EASA to conduct ad-hoc-inspections for safety reasons
The Commission may decide further actions in case of failure on implementing corrective actions
in regard to the working methods…

20. EASA Standardisation
Scope of EASA
Standardisation

21. EASA/JAA Standardisation scope today
ETSOA TC
STC
MOA
PART 145
DOA
PART 21
EASA
MTOA
PART 147
POA
technical
licensing
PART 66
CAMO
FTO
PART M
all EASA NAA
JAR - FCL
flight
crew
licensing
JAA
JAR - OPS
AOC

22. JAA standardisation scope – after EASA
PCA
MOA
JAR – 145
DOA
JAR - 21
MTOA
ETSOA
JAR - 147
POA
technical
licensing
JAR - 66
Non-EASA
JAA NAA
FTO
MMOA
JAR - FCL
flight
crew
licensing
JAR - OPS
AOC

23. The playing field today 25 EU 3 EEA 6 JAA IS FL NO SE EE LV DK LT KZIR RU BY RU UK
25 EU NL PL BE UA
3 EEA DE CZ LU SK
6 JAA LI MD AU FR CH HU RO GE SL AZ HR AM BA SM BG IR MC IT PT ES MK TR AL GR IQ SY DZ MT CY MA TN

24. EASA Standardisation
The EASA organisation for Standardisation

25. Standardisation in EASA is performed by only one department
Executive Directorate
P. Goudou
Policy Officers
Safety Analysis
& Research
Communications
Rulemaking
Directorate
C. Probst
Certification
Directorate
N. Lohl
Quality & Standardisation
Directorate
F. Banal
Administrative
Directorate
M. Junkkari
Environmental
Protection
Programmes
Quality Assurance
Finance
& Procurement
Products Safety
Products
Standardisation
Personnel
Flight Standards
Technical Training
Legal Service
Organisations
International
Cooperation
ICT and
Technical Services

26. EASA Standardisation Department
Q&S Director
F. Banal
Head of
Standardisation
F. Janvier
Standardisation
Manager – I.A.
P. Blagden
Standardisation
Manager – C. A.
E. Bohland
Standardisation Team Leaders – I.A.
Jiri Novy; Mark Kieft
( recruitment continues + 2)
Standardisation Team Leaders – C..A.
Philippe Gaillard; Luis Pires;
Jean-Louis Ammeloot; Sascha Schott
( recruitment continues + 4)

27. The transition from JAA to EASA
the EC regulation 736/2006 has been adopted only recently…
…what EASA did meanwhile?

28. The transition from JAA to EASA
…EASA and JAA signed, on 1st of November 2004, the following document:
Working Arrangement on transfer of certain
Standardisation Co-ordination Activities
from JAA to EASA

29. The transition from JAA to EASA
Implementation of Commission Regulation on Standardisation Inspections:
transition
EASA
EU Countries
JAA
EASA
for JAA
2004
2006…
Non-EU Countries
EASA
for JAA

30. EASA Standardisation
The work done during transition

31. The work done during transition
Standardisation activity in 2005 (1st year of operation, full JAA working methods)
19 countries inspected on Continuing Airworthiness (Parts 145, M, 147, 66, 21.H )
7 countries inspected on POA (Part 21.G)
> 750 requests of corrective actions
> 80% teams supported by NAA inspectors
First all-NAA Standardisation Meeting (Part-66)

32. The work done during transition
Major common findings in 2005

33. The work done during transition
improper maintenance and airworthiness management of Eastern Aircraft
improper and/or late CAMO approvals
improper and/or late Part 66 AML conversions

34. The work done during transition
Current standardisation activity in 2006 (transition from JAA to EASA working methods)
Annual Report on Standardisation Status
(sent to the Commission on 13 Feb 2006)
25 inspections planned for Continuing Airworthiness
(17 carried-out as of today)
16 inspections planned for Initial Airworthiness
(9 carried-out as of today)
Special survey on Part-66 conversion status
(performed from March till May 2006)
Special Report on Part-66 conversion status
(sent to the Commission on 20 June 2006)
4 all-NAA Standardisation Meetings planned
(Part-M and Part-66 performed, Part-21.G and Part-145 to take place)

35. The work done during transition
Standardisation activity in 2005 for Part-66 and -147
19 countries visited:
Belgium, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Slovakia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Iceland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Italy, Portugal, Turkey, Croatia, Cyprus, Finland, Norway, Sweden

36. The work done during transition
Current standardisation activity in 2006 for Part-66 and -147
13 countries visited as of today:
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Slovakia, Denmark, Czech Republic, Belgium, Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Austria, Spain, Ireland
8 visits still to come:
Slovenia, Luxembourg, Lithuania, Romania, France, Malta, Bulgaria, Switzerland
Total findings to NAA as of today:
Part , of which 23 on conversion process
Part

37. EASA Standardisation
Basic differences:
JAA vs. EASA Standardisation

38. a matter of differences: recognition…
JAA system vs. NAA a initial approval for mutual JAA recognition a continued oversight for continued recognition
EASA system vs. NAA a initial approval for legal EU recognition a continued oversight for continued EU legality

39. a matter of differences: rules…
JAA regulations vs. NAA a Standardisation is a voluntary process to achieve mutual recognition status a A JAA Member State may or may not accept an initial standardisation visit
EASA regulations vs. NAA a Standardisation is a binding process a A standardisation visit from EASA cannot be refused

40. a matter of differences: rules…
JAA regulations vs. NAA a AGM for approval of undertakings and individuals: - policies and procedures non binding at national level; - to be voluntary followed for mutual recognition only
EASA regulations vs. NAA a Section B of Annexes (Parts) to Implementing Rules: bindings laws at national level a EASA AMC to Section B: non binding, but deviations must be justified

41. a matter of differences: strength…
JAA rulemaking a JAR have no direct legal value in the Member States - they must be endorsed in the national legislation - national variants or amendments are possible
EASA rulemaking a EASA gives technical opinions to the Commission - when the opinions are accepted, they become laws with immediate legal value in all Member States no national variants or amendments are possible

42. a matter of differences: strength…
rulemaking
EASA >>JAA

43. a matter of differences: strength…
JAA standardisation a No obligations for the Member States, but… - pros: they have an incentive to pass the standardisation visits because of the mutual recognition - cons: peer review among NAA, no clear independency of inspectors
EASA standardisation a Binding process by law… - pros: three different actors: EASA, Commission, NAA, but… - cons: Member States do not need initial recognition because of their automatic recognition by law

44. a matter of differences: strength…
JAA standardisation a In case of non compliance - the CJAA can withdrawn or suspend the mutual recognition status of a Member State
EASA standardisation a In case of non compliance - neither EASA nor the Commission have direct enforcement power; only the European Court of Justice has - national judges or NAA only have enforcement power in their country

45. a matter of differences: strength…
standardisation
EASA <> JAA

46. a matter of differences: strength…
How to render EASA standardisation stronger, in the present legal environment?
Information by the Commission on EASA reports to all the other Member States is the key
The other Members States then may act, just in case, to protect their citizens

47. a matter of differences: strength…
Tomorrow?
A. Direct enforcement powers to EASA or to the Commission?
B. EASA acting as legally recognised board of appeal in national disputes between NAA and their regulated citizens?
C. Others…?

48. The EASA strategy for standardisation
EASA Standardisation
The EASA strategy for standardisation

49. EASA Standardisation Strategy
Basic principle
Overall objective: to establish and maintain a high uniform level of civil aviation safety in Europe
Standardisation inspections objectives:
Monitoring NAA how they are implementing EU rules:
Not less than required to protect EU citizens
Not more than required to ensure level playing field
new!

50. EASA Standardisation Strategy
Ensuring common standardisation procedures, documentation and working methods in all fields of the implementing rules
Ensuring the “standardisation” of inspectors through training and recurrent training provided by EASA
Enhancing the follow-up phase in order to resolve as much as possible non-conformities at EASA-NAA level

51. EASA Standardisation Strategy
Building up a strong organisational relationship with the European Commission for effective follow-up and enforcement
Developing a pro-active approach to Standardisation with NAA by:
a) involving as much as possible NAA inspectors as team members
b) promoting a common interpretation and implementation of the rules through structured Standardisation Meetings with all NAA
c) in depth training/workshops on IR for experienced inspectors open to all NAA

52. Greetings from Cologne Thanks for your attention
EASA
Thanks for your attention
Any questions?