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Force and Newton’s 2 nd Law
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What is Force? Definition: A push or pull acting on an object The SI unit for force is the Newton (N) 1 Newton is the force required to cause a mass of 1 kg to accelerate at 1 m/s 2 Examples: Gravity Friction Applied force Definition: A push or pull acting on an object The SI unit for force is the Newton (N) 1 Newton is the force required to cause a mass of 1 kg to accelerate at 1 m/s 2 Examples: Gravity Friction Applied force
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How is Force related to Motion? Forces cause all motions Every time the motion of an object changes, it’s because a force has been applied to it Forces can cause stationary objects to start moving or a moving object to change its speed, direction, or both What is it called when something changes speed or direction? Forces cause all motions Every time the motion of an object changes, it’s because a force has been applied to it Forces can cause stationary objects to start moving or a moving object to change its speed, direction, or both What is it called when something changes speed or direction?
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How does Force affect Acceleration? Amount of acceleration depends on 2 variables: Strength of the force applied Mass of the object If you know Force and Mass you can calculate Acceleration Acceleration equals force divided by mass a = F/m Amount of acceleration depends on 2 variables: Strength of the force applied Mass of the object If you know Force and Mass you can calculate Acceleration Acceleration equals force divided by mass a = F/m
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Newton’s Second Law Describes the equation used to calculate acceleration from force and mass Newton’s Second Law: The acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object divided by the object’s mass Describes the equation used to calculate acceleration from force and mass Newton’s Second Law: The acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object divided by the object’s mass
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Who is Issac Newton? English physicist who lived in the 1700’s Developed 3 laws of motion and the law of gravity English physicist who lived in the 1700’s Developed 3 laws of motion and the law of gravity
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Force and Acceleration Practice With what fore will a car hit a tree if the car has a mass of 3,000 kg and it is accelerating at a rate of 2m/s 2 A 10 kg bowling ball would require what force to accelerate it down an alleyway at a rate of 3 m/s 2 With what fore will a car hit a tree if the car has a mass of 3,000 kg and it is accelerating at a rate of 2m/s 2 A 10 kg bowling ball would require what force to accelerate it down an alleyway at a rate of 3 m/s 2 What is the mass of a falling rock if it hits the ground with a force of 147 newtons? What is the acceleration of a softball it if has a mass of 0.50 kg and hits the catcher/s glove with a force of 25 newtons?
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