1. 1 The F-22 Helmet Mounted In-Flight Physiological Monitoring System and Beyond 21 May 2014 Lloyd Tripp, Ph.D. Program Manager, Aerospace Physiology & Toxicology 711 th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory DISTRIBUTION A: Cleared for public release 16 March 2012, RH-12-109304

2. 2 Background 16 November 2010, F-22 class A mishap F-22 pilots are experiencing hypoxic like symptoms in- flight 2010-2011 Raptor fleet grounded for 4 months (Alaska Dispatch | Sep 20, 2011) Returned to flight – pilots to wear finger pulse oximeter sensor as part of return to flight (477 th Fighter Group November 2011) Finger pulse oximeter data reliability issues 711 th HPW develops and tests the helmet mounted pulse oximetry system

3. 3 Transmission vs Reflectance

4. 4 F-22 Uses Wrist Mounted Pulse Oximeter for In-Flight Arterial O 2 Monitoring Commercial off-the-shelf monitoring device Provides both arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate information Allows pilots to spot check their oxygen saturation during flight There are issues with this approach

5. 5 In-Flight Finger Left Hand vs Right Hand Oximeter Data

6. 6 Moving the Sensor North of the Heart: Arteries of the Face

7. 7 Helmet Ear Cup Integrated Pulse Oximetry 1990’s Peel and Stick Oxisensor Silicon Ear Cup Integrated Oxisensor OUCH!!!

8. Helmet Ear Cup Integrated Oxisensor: F-22 SAB 120 Day Challenge: 15 Nov 2011 Oxisensor 8

9. Helmet Mounted Cerebral and Arterial O2 Saturation During Simulated Aerial Combat Maneuver Tripp, Chelette, Savul, & Widman, 1998 9

10. Helmet Mounted Pulse Oximeter: RH + USAFSAM + HSI + NAMRU-D + F-22 SPO + AFRL/RY + Industry = Integrated Human Performance Solutions Data Collection EMI/EMC NVG Cockpit/User Survivability Emergency Descent Maintainability Training Acoustic Evaluation Centrifuge Test Survivability Wind Blast Safety In-House Prototype Fabrication

11. 11 Helmet-Mounted Pulse Ox System Integration Cabling follows Comm Cord In-line disconnects WristOx Display

12. Helmet Modification and Testing Begin November 2011 Flight Helmet Oximeter Wiring Parachute Harness Oximeter Pouch Integrated Oximeter System NVG System Compatibility Test 12

13. 13 Helmet Centrifuge Testing December 2011

14. 14 Centrifuge Tests Finger vs. Helmet

15. 15 Hanging Harness Test at USAFSAM December 2011

16. 16 Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics Test January 2012

17. 17 Windblast Testing 600 Knots Equivalent Air Speed January 2012

18. 18 Flight Test: Edwards & Nellis 7 February 2012

19. 19 Flight Equipment Technicians Briefing Pilots on HMPO System

20. Helmet Mounted Pulse Oximetry First Unit Equipped Apr 2012 – Last Unit Equipped Dec 2012 20

21. Tactical Aircraft Physiological & Cognitive Monitoring System (TAPCOMS) Helmet Pulse Ox Cerebral Oximeter Mask O 2 / CO 2 VOC - Acetone Cognitive VOC Hydration Sensor O 2 Flow Meter Blood Flow Sensor 21

22. Questions 22