1. Aim: How did geographic conditions influence the development of classical civilizations ?
*Citizen- member of a state or nation
*Oligarchy- Type of government where power lies in the hands of a few people
*Democracy-Political power lies in the hands of the people or citizens
*Totalitarian-Dictatorship/government has total control
*Mandate of Heaven- Divine (heaven) approval of the ruler
*Dynastic Cycle- Pattern of rise, fall, and replacement of Dynasties
*polis- small independent city-states

2. Essential Questions How did geography influence China?
How did the Mandate of heaven influence Chinese society?
How was the development of “city-states” (polis) influenced by Greece’s geography?
What were the two most famous city-states?
How was life different in these two city-states?

3. China’s Geography The most isolated of all ancient civilizations
Developed separately from other civilizations
Natural physical barriers
High mountains (west and southwest)
Gobi desert (north)
Pacific Ocean (east)
How would this impact the development of ancient China?

4. Task #1 Obtain your review book/photocopy Turn to Unit #1 section 2
Complete the section of the review sheet of the “Dynastic Cycle”
5 minutes for this task
Bureaucracy-is a system of managing government through departments that are run by appointed officials.

6. Greece’s Geography Peninsula (ocean water on 3 sides) Few rivers
Many mountains
Isolated valleys
Small islands
How did geography impact Greece’s development?

7. Group work Students will work in pairs
One students will read the section on Athens and fill out the graphic organizer
One student will read the section on Sparta and fill out the graphic organizer
After both students are finished, they will then compare their findings

8. Athens Limited Democracy Laws made by assembly
Only male citizens in assembly
Trade with other city-states
Education for boys
Women inferior

9. Athens
Democratic Athens (450 BC) Athens had a system of government in which every citizen could participate in government directly, by voting on issues brought before them (DEMOCRACY)
Only a small minority were citizens – women and slaves were not considered citizens
Athens establishes the pattern for later Western democracies
The Age of Pericles, the Golden Age of Athens

10. Sparta Monarchy with two kings MILITARY society
Trade and travel not allowed
Military training for all boys
Girls trained to be mothers of soldiers
Women obey men
Women own property

11. Sparta
Totalitarian Sparta – all parts of life: economic, social, political, religious, and educational are controlled by the state
Life was organized around military needs = militaristic state
Military strength and rule by just a few people, land owners and nobility = aristocracy
The majority of Spartans had no say in the government
Individualism and new ideas were discouraged
Did not promote individual freedom in the arts and sciences and thus it had little impact on western European history
Weak infants were left to die

12. What did Athens and Sparta have in common?
Using the reading, consider what both these city states had in common.
Common language
Shared heroes
Olympic games
Same gods and religious beliefs