1. Military Music Sarah Lumley GEOG 433

2. Overview Why Military Music? Instruments & Sound Brief History & Course Themes

3. Why Military Music? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p9OHI-kyh_I&list=PL6E102B1C970B2250

4. Instruments & Sound Most important aspect is the drums (bass & snare) which create the marching cadence http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_u7n-kwNRI Generally some form of fife, horn, or pipes for signalling http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oo1SlTQzUgo Can include anything else that can be played while marching (woodwind, brass, glockenspiel, etc) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa0lVoWQKbY&list=PLD462722EC855855

5. Ceremony Just as much about the performance as the sound Most bands are lead by a drum or pipe major, that calls commands or uses a mace to give directions http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VuW8095n IhU

6. History Many different cultures have used music as part of warfare traditions, (from the Scottish to the Japanese) Focus primarily on formally organized military music and bands which contributed to Canada’s Military music & traditions

7. History - Timeline 13 th Century http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D0Fyf63qI_E Ottomans credited with first Military Bands called “Jannisary” 14 th CenturyThe early version of Snare Drum used by the Swiss, then spread all over Europe Bagpipes originate in the British Isles 15 th CenturyThe fife becomes popular for military signalling 16 th Century http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43LKHuQWs Bs Fife & Drummers are the Standard in British Armies Bagpipes replace the war horn in the British Isles 17 th Century (British Colonization)Ottoman music has a large influence on Music in Europe, military & classic music

8. History - Timeline http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43LKHuQWs Bs 18 th CenturyAmerican Revolution Fife & Drums become replaced by the bugle 19 th Century1801 Invention of keyed bugle (trumpet) Brass instruments spread throughout Europe & its colonies 19-20 th CenturyLeftover military instruments spark new forms of music in N. America & Europe Themes: Colonialism, Cultural appropriation, Migration, Cultural Hearths

9. Today Military Bands still exist for both military & non-military functions & Ceremonies Perform anthems & patriotic songs, act as military liaisons, perform for troops, part of military parades International Military Tattoos There are many military-like marching bands Play at sports matches, promote school spirit Re-enactments http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0x3jARfUffY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18QWPC96UQg

10. Summary Military music has a long and convoluted history involving cross-fertilization & cultural appropriation, and it has affected many other forms of music Although it’s purpose has changed somewhat, military music is still relevant and practiced today & is an important component of the Canadian Armed Forces

11. References British Columbia Military Music Society (2014). Bands. Retrieved from http://www.militarymusic.ca/ Dobney, J. (2000). Military music in american and european traditions. Retrieved January 24, 2014, from http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ammu/hd_ammu.htm http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/ammu/hd_ammu.htm Farmer, H. (1912). The rise & development of military music. London: W. Reeves. Retrieved from https://archive.org/details/risedevelopmento00farmuoft Ipswich Thistle Pipe Band. (2008). A brief history of bagpipes. Retrieved from http://www.ipswichthistle.com/index.php?/history-of-bagpipes.html http://www.ipswichthistle.com/index.php?/history-of-bagpipes.html Kappey, J. A. (1894). Military music. London: Boosey and co. Retrieved from http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001458495 Pacific Tattoo. (2014). What is a Tattoo? Retrieved from http://pacifictattoo.ca/ Russel, D. (2000). Musical instruments of antiquity as illustrated in the adventures of asterix the gaul. Retrieved from http://www.acs.psu.edu/drussell/Asterix/02-RomanBrass.html Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism (2005). Jannisary (Mehter) Music. Retrieved from http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN,35169/janissary-mehter-music.html http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN,35169/janissary-mehter-music.html Top Secret Drum Corps. (2012). Top secret drum corps. Retrieved from http://www.topsecretbasel.ch/en/ Warren P Howe. (1999). Early american military music. American Music, 17(1), 87. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.viu.ca/stable/3052375 http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy.viu.ca/stable/3052375 World Military Bands. (2014). World Book of Military Music C Canada. Retrieved from http://www.worldmilitarybands.com/