1. An Abbreviated History of Western Classical Music
Music History
An Abbreviated History of
Western Classical Music

2. Definitions
WESTERN MUSIC
CLASSICAL MUSIC

3. Antiquity Earliest known Instruments The Purpose of Music
Communication
Signaling
Religious Ceremony
Entertainment

4. Ancient Civilizations
Chinese (2000 BC)
Stringed instruments (ch’in)
Pentatonic scale
Egyptians (25th century BC)
Lute, lyre, harp
Hebrews
Shofar (rams horn)

5. Ancient Civilizations
Greeks ( BC)
Kithara (lyre), aulos
Music for plays and festivals
Romans (1000 BC AD)
Brass trumpets and horns
Music used for warfare

6. The Middle Ages Medieval Period Class system Nobility Clergy peasantsAD
Medieval Period
Class system
Nobility
Clergy
peasants

7. The Middle Ages Sacred Music Music of the churchAD
Sacred Music
Music of the church
Plainsong (sung in Latin)
Chant (monophonic)
Gregorian Chant
Mass

8. The Middle Ages Sacred Music 36+ Composers wrote the music
The Mass as a Compositional Form
Composers wrote the music
Text (words, lyrics) from the “Ordinary” of the Mass (liturgy)
36+

9. Sacred Music The Ordinary of the Mass Kyrie (Lord Have Mercy)
Gloria (Glory to God…)
Credo (Creed)
Sanctus (Holy, Holy, Holy)
Benedictus (Blessed is He..)
Agnus Dei (Lamb of God)
36+

10. Holy, Holy, Holy

11. Lamb 0f God

12. The Middle Ages Secular Music Non-religious
Minstrels, Troubadours, Trouvères and Minnesingers
Sung in the common language
String and percussion accompaniments

13. The Middle Ages Secular Music Trouvère from France
Adam de la Halle (ca )
Trouvère from France
Composed first musical play “Jeu de Robin et de Marion”

16. The Renaissance Great advances in science and math Age of exploration
Great advances in science and math
Copernicus, Galileo
Age of exploration
Great achievements in art
Leonardo da Vinci
Michaelangelo

17. The Renaissance
And literature
William Shakespear

18. The Renaissance Reformation (ca. 1500) Led by Martin Luther
Rise of the Middle Class
Reformation (ca. 1500)
Led by Martin Luther
Chorale style (hymn singing by entire congregation)

19. The Renaissance Sacred Music Motet Gregorian Chant out of favor
Sacred Music
Polyphonic vocal music
Motet
Gregorian Chant out of favor

20. The Renaissance Sacred Music The Counter Reformation 1400 - 1650
Palestrina ( )

21. Givanni Pierluigi da Palestrina

22. The Renaissance Sacred Music The Counter Reformation 1400 - 1650
Palestrina ( )
Kyrie from
Missa Papae Marcelli

23. The Renaissance Secular Music Madrigals Instrumental Music
Secular Music
Polyphonic vocal music
Madrigals
Instrumental Music

24. Instrument Families
Woodwinds
Brass
Strings
Keyboard
percussion

25. Woodwinds Double reeds Whistles and open hole Shawm Krummhorn recorder
flutes

26. Shawm

27. Krumhorn

28. Krumhorn
Reed and Cap

29. Recorder

30. Recorder
Family

31. Renaissance Flutes

32. Brass Cornett (trumpet ancestor) Sacbut (trombone ancestor)
Serpant (tuba ancestor)

33. Muted Cornett

34. Sacbut

35. Serpent

36. Strings
Viols
Harp
Lute
Dulcimer

37. Viols

38. Viola da Gamba

39. Harp

40. Lute

41. Hammered Dulcimer

42. Dulcimers

43. Keyboards
Spinet
Clavichord

44. Spinet

45. Clavichord

46. Clavichord

47. Drums frame drums shell drums Other tambourines finger cymbals
Percussion
Drums
frame drums
shell drums
Other
tambourines
finger cymbals

48. Frame Drums

49. Drum or Tambor

50. Tambourines

51. Renaissance Instrumental Music
Josquin de Prez ( )

52. Renaissance Instrumental Music
Josquin de Prez ( )
Fanfare for Louis XII
shawms
cornetto
sacbut

53. Renaissance Instrumental Music
Dance Forms
Pavanne (slow 4/4)
Galliard (fast 3/4)
Allemande (moderato 2/4)
Estampi (collection of dances)

54. Examples of Ars Nova Music
Music from this period was the first to add stems to the nuemes, thereby creating our modern system of notation.

56. This piece is called “Sumer is icumen in” and is the oldest surviving round.

57. With All of the Advances During the Renaissance, What Was the Most Important?

58. The invention of the printing press ca. 1450 by Gutenberg Why?
Answer?
The invention of the printing press ca by Gutenberg
Why?