1.  By: Jenna Lawson

2.  5-U1.3.2 Describe the life and cultural development of people living in western Africa before the 16 th century with respect to the economic (the ways people made a living) and family structures, and the growth of states, towns, and trade.

3. 1) 3) 2) Before the 16 th century, much of the artwork surrounded Benin face pendants/masks made of materials such as brass, iron, copper, ivory, and were created for the Kingdom of Benin in Western Africa. _______________________________ 1) Head of an Oba- A king in Nigeria, West Africa during the early 16th century. It is made of brass and iron. 2) Benin Kingdom People- The face pendant was created for the court of the Kingdom of Benin, a highly centralized state founded in the 13 th -14th centuries in southwestern Nigeria. It’s made of brass, copper, and iron. 3) Iyoba- a pendant mask that represented the Edo people. It is made of ivory and iron.

4. http://www.kidsdiscover.com /african-history-for-kids

5.  Teaching Module on Early African History http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/teachers/curriculum/m 7a/  Early African History Website http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/africa/history/bantu.ht m http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/africa/history/bantu.ht m  World History For Us All http://worldhistoryforusall.sdsu.edu/units/five/closeup/Era 05_closeup531.php http://worldhistoryforusall.sdsu.edu/units/five/closeup/Era 05_closeup531.php  Our Africa http://www.our-africa.org/

6.  Empire of Ghana http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/30300- assignment-discovery-the-ghana-empire-video.htm http://videos.howstuffworks.com/discovery/30300- assignment-discovery-the-ghana-empire-video.htm  Udu Drums http://www.ninestones.com/potdrum.htmlhttp://www.ninestones.com/potdrum.html  African Musical Instruments http://www.folkways.si.edu/bilal-abdurahman/african- musical-instruments/african-american-music-childrens- islamica/music/album/smithsonian http://www.folkways.si.edu/bilal-abdurahman/african- musical-instruments/african-american-music-childrens- islamica/music/album/smithsonian

7.  Africa Geography http://www.star.newham.s ch.uk/resources/africa_m ap.swf http://www.star.newham.s ch.uk/resources/africa_m ap.swf  Expedition: the game http://www.history.com/ga mes/action- adventure/expedition/play http://www.history.com/ga mes/action- adventure/expedition/play  The Quest for the Magic Calabash http://www.pbs.org/wonde rs/Kids/kids.htm http://www.pbs.org/wonde rs/Kids/kids.htm  Benin Plaque http://www.bbc.co.uk/sch ools/primaryhistory/worldh istory/benin_bronze/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/sch ools/primaryhistory/worldh istory/benin_bronze/

8.  http://www.randafricanart.com/Benin_hip_masks.html http://www.randafricanart.com/Benin_hip_masks.html  http://www.adlib.uea.ac.uk/ http://www.adlib.uea.ac.uk/  http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/teachers/curriculum /m7a/ http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/teachers/curriculum /m7a/  http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/africa/history/bantu.ht m http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/africa/history/bantu.ht m  http://www.our-africa.org/ http://www.our-africa.org/  http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/worldhistory/ benin_bronze/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/primaryhistory/worldhistory/ benin_bronze/  http://www.ninestones.com/potdrum.html http://www.ninestones.com/potdrum.html