2. The Secret in Cipher   張 瀞尹   林 秋君

3. The words about “Secret elements”  Cipher (cypher) 1 zero 1 zero 2 Arabian numbers (from 1 to 9) 2 Arabian numbers (from 1 to 9) 3 a. code(s) 3 a. code(s) b. the readout of codes b. the readout of codes c. the messages consisted of c. the messages consisted of codes codes

4.  Code 1 System of laws. 1 System of laws. 2 System of signals or marks 2 System of signals or marks arranges arranges to transmit messages, especially to transmit messages, especially for secrecy. for secrecy. 3 Pre-organized word or groups of 3 Pre-organized word or groups of words used to represent a words used to represent a wordings and some message. wordings and some message.

5.  cryptograph 1 Secret writing 1 Secret writing 2 code 2 code 3 The tool that create codes. 3 The tool that create codes.

6. The History of Cipher  The history of human being using code can trace back to ancient Babylon. Almost every civilization had records to use code.

7.  Every codes were all man- made until the end of WWI. The man-made code system is very ineffective when sending messages.

8.  The invention of wireless telegram made it much easier to intercept the cryptogram.

9.  In 1918, an inventor named Arthur Scherbius, launched a company called “ Scherbius and Ritter Company ” with his friend Richard Ritter.

10.  Scherbius invented an coded, electric machine named “ ENIGMA ”. Years afterwards, it was proved one of the most reliable coded systems.

11.  During the war time, the alliance launched (and also read out) the wehrmacht ’ s messages, and that brought about a crucial advantage ground.

12.  At the beginning of WWII, the wehrmacht was incomparable when it comes to secret work. So the affection of ENIGMA to the wehrmacht was crucial.

13. The Application of Cipher  Strong box, e-mailbox and bank account bank account  Military affairs  Diplomacy

14. The Variety of Cipher  Morse code  Enigma  Gene code

15.  The most popular code system.  Use the combination of points and segments (on paper or in sound) to communicate. Morse Code

16. Enigma  The most popular code system during the war time.  Using the physically mechanism to create the codes consist of 26 alphabets.

17. Gene code  Proteins ’ compositions are decided by the gene codes.  There are four types of nucleotides --A.T.C.G  With the combination of these four nucleotides, the gene codes determine the great proteins ’ synthesis.

18. Conclusion  There are various types of codes in our lives. Although they are seem to be so different from each other, they all follow an original intention---that is, use the most telegraphic elements to synthesis a series of meaningful and secret messages.

19.   (T H E E N D)