2. Totalitarianism Used to describe Fascist Italy, National Socialist Germany, and Communist USSR Aspired to control over peoples’ consciousness, behavior, and social, political, and cultural life New to the 20 th c Abolishes all competing parties Eliminates or regulates private institutions Determine what ppl should believe Leader is seen as invincible Believed that conflict was driving force in history

3. Fascism= combination of militant nationalism & totalitarianism Benito Mussolini in power in Italy in 1922 State is valued over the individual Those who disagree= flee or be killed Fascism

4. Adolf Hitler- Austrian who served in the German army in WWI 1931 took control of National Socialist German Workers’ Party= NAZI Party Becomes Der Führer  leader “master race”= Mein Kampf  crystallization of his antisemitism Belief in Lebensraum= “living space” Nazism

5. A short video Video- BBC Bitesize

6. Japan becomes aggressive and tries to expand empire 1931 Japan invades Manchuria China plea’s for League of Nations’ help League members refuse- fear it will create larger conflict Tensions in the Pacific

7. Mussolini invades Ethiopia- no response Hitler ignores Treaty of Versailles a.Builds large military b.Stops reparation payments c.Takes back the Rhineland d.Takes control of parts of Austria & Czechoslovakia Failure of League of Nations

8. Hitler promises League he only wants to unite German speakers League could not fight back- expensive to wage war & no economic means Policy= Appeasement  concede to some demands, Hitler would be satisfied, thus war could be avoided League fails at preventing war Failure of League of Nations Cont’

9. Dr. Seuss & WWII Cartoons

10. Aug 23, 1939 Hitler & Stalin sign non-aggression pact USSR unable to get British & French to sign (they hate Communism) Germany invades Poland w/o fear of USSR Germany invades using blitzkrieg or lightning warfare Ends appeasement w/ LofN, WWII begins Germany Invades Poland