1. Adventure/Outdoor Model “Many Youngsters desire alternative activities that provide excitement, challenge, and a degree of risk. They also prefer activities in which the emphasis is not on winning or losing but rather on facing the challenges of a natural environment” -Jim Stiehl

2. Counseling & Therapy Physical Education Academics Adventure & Outdoor Activities Recreation Adventure Zen Diagram

3. Why Adventure & Outdoor Is Important Provides a Powerful Alternative to Conditions (Mostly Competitive Sports) That Lead to Feelings of Alienation and Powerlessness, Which Often result in Withdrawal and Rebellion Antidote to Industrialized Society –Great Stress Management Time –Survival of the Spirit (Profound Beauty) Offers an Abundance of Life’s Most Repeatable Pleasures

4. Typical Skills Required of Outdoor Adventure Leaders Technical Skills & Competency (Knot Tying, Orienteering, Climbing, Paddling); Safety Skills (Inspecting Equip., Weather Interpretation, Wilderness First Aid); Environmental Skills (Min. Impact Travel, Leave-No-Trace Principles); Organizational Skills (Risk Management, Planning Routes, Securing Permits, Arranging Transportation & Equipment);

5. Instructional Skills (Teaching Progressions, Analyzing Tasks, Delegating Responsibilities); Facilitation Skills (Resolving Conflicts, Cultivating Trust); Flexible Leadership Style (Employing a Democratic, Delegating, or Autocratic Style as Appropriate to Situation); Professional Ethics (Moral Standards that Include a Positive Outdoor Ethic as Well as a Vision for Sustainable Environments)

6. Other Essential Skills Non-Technological Meteorology Backcountry Medicine Land Navigation Knowledge of Plants & Trees (Edible or Poisonous) Time Control Planning Feet & Body Care Knowledge Wildlife Knowledge (Demographics)

7. Adventure Wave

8. Types of Outdoor Activities Hiking (Backpacking & Camping) Orienteering Mountain Biking Kayaking (Canoeing) Rock-Climbing White-Water Paddling Spelunking Challenge Ropes Courses Cross-Country Skiing Winter Camping

9. In-School Adventure/Outdoor Programs Easily woven Into the Schools Curricular Fabric –Orienteering Linked w/ Reading & Geography –Rock Climbing Linked w/ Math & Earth Science (Indoor Rock Wall) –Camping Linked w/ Astronomy, Writing, & Cooking –Any Activity can be Linked w/ English (Journal Writing)

10. Summer Adventure/Outdoor Programs Can Train For and Prepare for a Big Adventure (Whatever It May Be) Disassociation w/ Schooling (Kids Really Want to Be There)

11. Foundations of an Outdoor Learning Environment Preparation & “Practice by Prevention” Support (school, parents, community) Physical Safety Psychological Safety Challenge by Choice Relevance Videography & Presentation