1. GENI ‘Global Environment for Network Innovations’

2. Future Internet - A Lead-up to the NSF GENI Project amankin@nsf.gov www.geni.net

3. About GENI ….a continental-scale, programmable, heterogeneous, networked system driving “clean-slate” future internet / communications research Mobile Wireless Network Sensor Network Edge Site Federated International Facility

4. GENI Organizations Major Research Equipment Facility Construction (MREFC) GENI Science Council (GSC) Chair GENI Project Office (GPO) Project Director Voice of research and education community Scientific leadership - evolution of Science Plan Define user allocations process & criteria Development of education & outreach plan Research infrastructure experience – software-intensive projects Experience with computing community Project management – MREFC process GPO is at BBN GENI Project Director is Chip Elliot NSF GENI Program Director

5. GENI To Date The community has engaged in concept development since 2004-2005 NSF CISE funding has supported Early concept development – GENI Planning Group Early prototype development Solicitation for proposals to establish GENI Project Office GENI Science Council was established in Spring of 2007 GENI Project Office was awarded to BBN in May 2007

6. Project Life Cycle Formal NSF process to be followed to qualify for budget consideration Preconstruction Planning - Three formal design stages, with well-defined interfaces Construction Operations

7. Project Lifecycle Conceptual Design Preliminary Design Final Design time Identify Project Office ConstructionOperations CDRFDRPDR GPO Award Period

8. Internet Futures – An Ecosystem Computing Capabilities Edges E-scienceData Grid Critical Infrastructure Networked Sensors Security Robustness Mobility Ubiquity Optical Radios Multicore Memory Storage Sensors Actuators MaterialsNanotechnologyPhysics Mathematics Basic Science Cluster Computing Displays Devices Transistor Laser DTN Antenna Optical Fiber Communications Networks Digital Living Networked Embedded Service Oriented Evolvability Autonomicity MAN FTTH Wireless WDM Optical Packet Circuit Router Switch C-nanotube Quantum crypto Semi Organic Codes MEMS Location-aware Privacy-enabling Routed Wireless VPN Language PIC Responsive environment Content Centric

9. GENI: The Facility GENI is in Early Planning, But Some Requirements Have Become Clear A Continent-Scale, Evolvable, Optical Substrate  Native Access for ~ 200 Universities  Native Access Will Be Considered for Non-Academic Sites Wireless networks  Characteristics of Interest Include: Location Awareness, High Mobility, End-Users. Support of Sensor Internet and Other Edge Research Partnerships and Federations Federation of GENI on International Scale Expected  We Expect This Will Associate With NSF’s International Connections Program  We Have Had Discussions About Facilities With GENI-like Qualities in the EU, Japan, Korea, China, Latin America and the United Arab Emirates  We Welcome Discussions

10. Activities GENI Science Council  Co-Chaired by Scott Shenker, UCB, and Ellen Zegura, Georgia Tech  Information in GSC area of GENI.net website GENI Project Office  Facility Working Groups Have Open Participation – See Charters and Other Information Now Available in Working Groups Area of GENI.net website  First GENI Engineering Conference (GEC) Will Be Held October 9-11, Minneapolis – Call For Participation and Open Registration on www.geni.net

11. Modalities Retinal Implant RFID Left Hand WIFAN SENSOR

12. A view of innovation Large View Cross-cutting protocols Novel distributed systems, services or support Applications And user requirements Disruptive technologies Network capabilities Design and trial without roadblocks – clean-slate Current network roadblocks

13. NSF CISE Future Internet Research Experimental Facility to Validate Research GENI NeTSFIND: Future Internet Design CyberTrustClean-slate secured network arch CSRNew distributed system capabilities CCFScientific Foundations for Internet Next Generation (SING) CRINetwork infrastructure for arch research MRINetwork instruments for arch research ……

14. FIND www.nets-find.net has much material, including full descriptions of projects www.nets-find.net White paper program  Rolling requests for researchers with funding on architectural, big picture research Clean-slate Join collaborative program with other researchers See the web site for more information on white papers

15. What is GENI? GENI will be a full-scale programmable facility for research into the future internet Focus: whatever experiments researchers need to create, test and evaluate the high impact new ideas Clean-slate approach, Opportunity for:  Unencumbered starting points  Novel architectures and big picture  Strong coupling with technology drivers of futures Mobile wireless Novel optical substrate capability

16. GENI Design: Building Blocks Three major components  Physical network ‘substrate’ expandable collection of building block components federate  Software control & management framework knits building blocks together into a coherent facility embeds ‘slices’ in the physical substrate  Operational control (GENI management) is distinct from experiment control Components  design, build, operate, iterate in modules, throughout lifecycle

17. GENI Design – Fully Programmable Routing/Switching Nodes  Clean-slate for architecture and protocol research Slicing/Virtualization of Physical “Substrate”  Concurrent exploration of a broad range of experimental networks (including edge resources such as clusters)  Guaranteed resources, interference free will be available Instrumented resources  Fully Measure experimental behavior Interconnect GENI and the commodity internet Users and applications can “opt-in” to GENI  There will be access to both “customers” for novel long-lived services and to “populations” of real users Flexible and Phased Design  To support new technology introduction throughout GENI lifetime  See A Tale of Two GENI’s on GENI.net site!

18. Slicing and Virtualization Mobile wireless substrate(s) Fixed nodes Sensor substrate

19. Federation Example Federated International Facility

20. Programmability Basic Approach  All network elements are programmable via open interfaces and downloadable user code  Uniform control and management architecture across all components – access node, core node, wireless… Programmable Sensor Platform Open API Radio platform Programmable Edge Node Programmable core Node GENI Control & Management Plane API

21. Wireless Substrate Considerations (presented to MobOpts RG July 25 2007)

22. NSF Wireless Testbed Experience Programmable wireless and sensor network testbeds were developed in earlier NSF progams  ORBIT for evaluation of wireless network protocols  CitySense, Kansei open programmable sensor net testbeds Coming this year: open underwater net These open testbeds offer shared use and programmable layer 2/layer 3 protocols but full future internet impact needs full scale Harvard/BBN CitySense deployment plan ORBIT Radio Grid EmulatorORBIT Field Trial Network

23. Candidate GENI Wireless: Dealing with Heterogeneity This is the prototype design - a candidate platform Single wireless GENI node architecture that covers different wireless device and network element needs:  Standard set of CPU platforms with different size/performance  Multiple radio cards as “plug-in” – easy to change radios, upgrade  Linux OS with appropriate “open API” drivers Plug-In radio modules (evolving technology,..) GENI M&C (“GMC”) Linux OS Control Module Processor Chassis with appropriate size/performance (sensor GW, mobile node, ad hoc router, AP, BTS…) End-user Wireless Devices (commercial sensors, phones, PDA’s, laptops) With GENI opt-in? Linux OS w/ GENI control Wireless GENI Network Elements All components also available as wireless kits

24. GENI Candidate: Programmable, Cognitive Radios Several experimental programmable radio platforms under development for wireless network research…  WARP programmable radio, GNU radio, KU agile radio & near-future cognitive radios, ….  Key issue: open software API’s and protocol stacks for full control of physical and link/MAC layers 802.11 AP GNU Software Radio KU Agile Radio Lucent/WINLAB Cognitive Radio Rice “WARP” board

25. Some Ongoing Discussions How do we do systems engineering and planning for fast evolving radio / wireless substrates? How much can radio / wireless be virtualized? GENI performance in general?  How much scale-down is acceptable per element?  How can a project/experiment buy better performance fidelity, and how much? Missing key radio (and optical, other physical) Areas?  Optical access networks?  Wireless over fiber?  Quantum Cryptography?

26. GENI Success Scenarios (many alternatives) Internet evolution influenced by clean-slate approach Architectures achieve fundamental progress in challenge areas such as security New services and applications enabled Alternate Internet architecture emerges  Virtualization becomes the norm with plurality of architectures  Single new architecture from the research enabled by GENI emerges and dominates  Alternative infrastructure becomes the mainstream over time Many other payoffs, including unanticipated and high risk

27. Extra - Scope of GENI Optical Research? Tight Integration of Physical Layer with Higher Layers  Provide Dynamic Optical Networking Plane  Dynamic Optical Switching/Routing Fiber (Space) Switch (e.g. switch all WDM channels in a fiber) Wavelength Switching (e.g. ROADM) Sub-Wavelength Switching (circuit) - O/E/O Optical Burst/Packet Switching? All Optical Networking  Combines Transmission Issues with Optical Switching/Routing  Data Rates/Modulation Formats effect Network Design Control Plane / Management Optical Transmission?  Higher Data Rates, Longer Transmission Distance, Modulation Formats Quantum Cryptography Optical Device Technologies?

28. Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs)  Very dense and inexpensive OEO (scaling & cost reduction)  High Functionality PICs Silicon photonics  Integration with electronics  Manufacturing Infrastructure Sharing (scaling & cost reduction) Microstructured Optical Fibers  Customizable optical properties (transmission/all optical networks) How would these breakthroughs change networking?  More efficient transmission or fundamental paradigm shift? GOAL: Flexible GENI design to allow Introduction of New Technologies as they mature