1. Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/04.0002
Anglicky v odborných předmětech "Support of teaching technical subjects in English“
Tutorial: Engineering technology
Topic: Types of shafts
Prepared by: Ing. Jaroslav Hábl
Projekt Anglicky v odborných předmětech, CZ.1.07/1.3.09/
je spolufinancován Evropským sociálním fondem a státním rozpočtem České republiky.

2. TYPES OF SHAFTS
If they transmit twisting moment or not, they divide into:
Supporting shafts
Moving shaft
Shaft strained by bending can be constructed as turning or immobile. It does not transmit torsional force.
Shaft strained by bending and by torsion too. It transmits torsion force unlike supporting shafts.

3. TYPES OF SHAFTS Shafts divide up to their shape and function: Smooth
Formed
Hollow
Flexible
Hinged
Crankshaft

4. PRINCIPLES OF SHAFT CONSTRUCTION
Shaft shape must be designed so that calculated diameter at strength calculation would not be reduced by notch influence and to enable maximal usage of standardised components fixed to it.
These rules must be observed:
Diameter standardization
Diameters´ transition ought to be round
- Outlet of cross holes to be finished by chamfering or rounding
- Setting must enable heat shaft dilatation
- Recesses and grooves to be standardized
- Shaft ends should be standardized and basic row of diameters must be chosen preferentially
- Hollow shafts are more expensive than solid shafts and they are used mainly for transmission on long distances – due to of weight saving ( hollow shafts have 75% of solid shaft tensile stress).

5. SHAFT MATERIAL
Shafts are made of molded material (steel) because of bigger straining. Simplier (less strained) shafts are made of structural carbon steels of the class 11 (e.g , , ) or the class 12. More strained shafts are made of alloy steels (mostly class 14, 15 and 16).
Due to the requirement of higher shaft hardness and resistance of shaft surface against shaft wearing, they are often heat conditioned. Cementation (for low carbon steels), quenching and beneficiation (for high carbon steel) belong to these heat conditining.

6. Literature Stroje a zařízení I, J. Doleček, P. Gajdoš, V. Novák
Strojnictví I, J. Doleček, Z. Holoubek
Strojnictví II, J. Doleček, Z. Holoubek
Moderní strojírenství, Josef Dilinger a kolektiv

7. Write down the types of shaft up to transmitting the twisting moment or not.
What materials are used for shaft production.