1. Plate Tectonics

2. The Earth’s Crust is Made of Plates

3. What Causes the Plates to Move?
Convection- hot magma rises, cool magma sinks (like a lava lamp

4. Two Types of crust Continental Crust- made of granite (light)
Oceanic Crust- made of basalt (heavy)

5. Plate Boundaries
Cracks in the plates are called faults

6. Types of Boundaries (Faults)
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary

7. Divergent Boundary Plates move away from each other Forms volcanoes,
new crust and rift valleys
Ex) Iceland, mid-Atlantic ridge

8. Divergent Boundary – Arabian and African Plates
Arabian Plate
Red Sea
African Plate

9. Divergent Boundary – Iceland

10. Rift Valleys
A deep valley formed as plates move apart at a divergent boundary.
Ex) The Great Rift Valley in eastern Africa

11. Sea Floor Spreading
Mid Ocean Ridges – underwater mountain chains that run through the Earth’s Basins
Magma rises to the surface and solidifies and new crust forms
Older Crust is pushed
farther away from the ridge

12. Transform Boundary Plates slide past each other Creates earthquakes
Ex) San Andreas Fault in California

13. Convergent Boundary Plates move toward each other
Earthquakes, forms mountain ranges
Ex) Himalayan Mountains

14. Continental-Continental Boundary
Plates fold, creating mountains

15. Convergent Boundaries - Continental
&

16. Oceanic-Oceanic Boundary
Creates trenches (deep valleys)
Forms volcanoes
Forms Island Arcs
Ex) Aleutian Islands (Alaska)

17. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Oceanic
Note – plates are reversed
Subduction occurs when the denser plate sinks below the
other
&

18. Oceanic-Continental Boundary
Oceanic plate pushes down because it is more dense.
Creates deep ocean trenches
Creates coastal mountain ranges
Ex) Andes mountains

19. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Continental
&

20. Hot Spots Hot material rises from deep within the mantle.
Heats the lithosphere, causing volcanoes at the surface.
Ex) Hawaiian Islands, Yellowstone N.P.

21. Evidence of Pangaea

22. Vocab to Remember Fault Convection Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary

23. Vocab ctd…
Transform Boundary
Rift Valley
Hot Spot