1. Earth in the Universe Topic 3
Remember to wait for the vocabulary word to pop up at the end! Can you guess it before it comes up?
Created by P. Bordas MS, CCC-SLP

2. Origin and Age of the Universe

3. Any object outside or above Earth’s atmosphere
Celestial Object
Any object outside or above Earth’s atmosphere

4. Universe
Everything that exists in any place – all the space, matter, and energy in existence

5. Big Bang Theory
States that all matter and energy started out concentrated in a small area and, after a gigantic explosion, matter began to organize into subatomic particles and atoms. ?

6. The shifting of wavelengths
Doppler Effect
The shifting of wavelengths

7. Blue Shift
This results when the Earth and another celestial object are coming closer together and the electromagnetic waves are bunched together

8. Red Shift
This results when the Earth and another celestial object are moving apart and the electromagnetic waves are spread out

9. Structure of the Universe

10. Galaxy
A collection of billions of stars and various amounts of gas and dust held together by gravity

11. Our solar system is a part of this spiral-shaped galaxy
Milky Way Galaxy
Our solar system is a part of this spiral-shaped galaxy

12. Star
Usually a large ball of gas held together by gravity that produces tremendous amounts of energy and shines

13. Nuclear Fusion
Combining of the nuclei of smaller elements to form the nuclei of larger elements with some of the mass being converted into energy

14. Luminosity
Measures how bright a star would be in relation to the sun if all stars were the same distance from an observer

15. Solar System

16. Solar System
The sun and all objects that orbit the sun under its gravitational influence

17. A solid rocky and/or metallic body that independently orbits the sun
Asteroid
A solid rocky and/or metallic body that independently orbits the sun

18. Body that orbits a planet or asteroid as those objects orbit the sun
Moon
Body that orbits a planet or asteroid as those objects orbit the sun

19. Comet
Mainly composed of solids that easily change to gases when heated
Largely ices of substances such as water and methane mixed with rocky or metallic solids

20. Very small solid fragments that orbit the sun
Meteor
Very small solid fragments that orbit the sun

21. Impact crater
A depression in the Earth’s crust created by a meteorite that has sufficient mass

22. Impact Event
Even after Earth and other planets formed, their gravitational forces pulled on the smaller clumps of matter to cause comets, asteroids and meteoroids to collide with planets in what is called….

23. Planet Characteristics

24. Terrestrial Planets Close to the sun and mostly solid
Relatively small diameters and high densities
Rocky surfaces are dotted with impact craters
Have few or no moons and have no rings
Planets similar to Earth including: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

25. Jovian Planets Far from the sun
Relatively large diameters and low density
No solid surfaces and no craters
Have many moons and rings
Are planets similar to Jupiter including: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune

26. Rotation
Planets spin with this motion on an imaginary axis, amount of time it takes for a planet to spin one time around its imaginary axis determines the length of its day

27. A planet’s movement around the sun in a path called an orbit
Revolution
A planet’s movement around the sun in a path called an orbit

28. Oval shaped orbit made by the Earth
Ellipse
Oval shaped orbit made by the Earth

29. Fixed points within the ellipse
Foci, Focus
Fixed points within the ellipse

30. Eccentricity
The degree of flattening or “ovalness” of an ellipse is measured by this

31. Inertia
The concept that an object at rest will tend to remain at rest, and that an object in motion will maintain the direction and speed of that motion unless an opposing force affects it

32. Attractive forces that exist between any two objects in the universe
Gravitation
Attractive forces that exist between any two objects in the universe