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Sedimentary Basins
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Sedimentary basins – definition
Large areas of positive accommodation in which sediments can accumulate to considerable thickness and be preserved for long geological time periods.
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Basin classification – plate tectonics
Type of crust on which the basin rests The position of the basin relative to plate margins Where the basin lies close to a plate margin, the type of plate interaction occurring during sedimentation
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Types of plate margins:
Convergent (subduction) Divergent (rifts, mid-oceanic ridges) Transform (offset mid-oceanic ridges)
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Basin classification Intraplate basins (pre-rift)
Divergent-margin basins (syn-rift) Intraplate basins (post-rift) Convergent-margin basins Collision and post-collision basins Strike-slip basins
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Economic potential of sedimentary basins
Basin physiography Sediment supply Depositional environments Architecture of depositional systems Subsidence rates Burial depths and burial history Geothermal gradients
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