1. Indication and Prevention of Aggressive and Withdrawn Behaviors in Primary School Children Theoretical Framework of the Project

2. Social Competence Parenting Child Emotionality

3. Social Skills Self-efficacies Peer Status Social Competence

4. Peer Status LoHi Lo Hi Nominations of Kids you like Kids you dislike

5. Socially Competent Aggressive Bullies Victims Withdrawn

6. School Bullying Age Gang Bystanders Gender

7. Profile of Social Withdrawal Social goals and roles –Avoid conflict vs. Gain access of objects –Seek attention vs. Elicit action –Submissive roles vs. Dominant roles –Follow orders vs. Issue commands –No compliance vs. Active compliance –Low cost vs. High cost –No cognitive deficit –Difficulty in enacting social strategies

8. Profile of Aggressive Children Social Goal –Instrumental (relational) Intent attribution –Hostile (benign) Response Repertoire –Aggression (more choices) Outcome expectation –Positive (negative) Self-efficacy Easy (hard)

9. Different Aggression Proactive Aggression –Calculated, instrumental, goal oriented, non- emotional –Bullies Reactive Aggression –Uncontrolled, retaliatory, emotionally charged –Aggressive victims

10. Different Withdrawal Playing Alone (Unsociable) –Object play –Low approach and low avoidance Acting Alone (Active Isolate) –Dramatizing sensori-motor actions –Immature and impulsive –High Approach but lack social skills Being Alone (Passive Anxious) –Fearful and anxious –Approach avoidance conflict

11. Emotionality Dispositional characteristics determining the Quality and Intensity of emotional arousal and Self Regulatory Controls of such arousal.

12. Emotional Regulation Inhibitory Control Attentional Control Emotional Status Quality positive vs. negative Reactivity Intense vs. Calm Approach Inhibitory Calm Avoidance Attentional Control Positive Intense Lack Control Negative

13. Prosocial- sociable behavior Aggression- disruption Shyness- Sensitivity Internalizing reactions: loneliness, depression Emotionality Regulation

14. Parenting Beliefs Behaviors

15. Parental Beliefs and Attitudes Regarding Making Friends Sharing Possessions Leading and Influencing Others

16. 2. Why does your child succeed or fail in these skills? A. External and Parental: Because he can learn B. Internal and Child: Because that is the way he is. 3. How do you help your child learn these skills? A. Coaching and role modeling B. Power assertive strategies 1. How important is to acquire the above skills? A. Yes, it is important B. No, it is not important Social competent behaviors

17. Parents of Withdrawn Children Behavior –Over protective or coercive parenting Belief –Internal attribution of behavior problems Affect –Guilt, disappointment, anger

18. Parents of Aggressive Children Behavior –Laissez-faire, coercive, or inconsistent parenting Belief –External attribution of behavior problems Affect –Anger or low emotion

19. Neglecting PermissiveAuthoritative Parenting Styles Responsiveness Demandingness Authoritarian

20. Parent Child Interaction

21. Inhibition Withdrawal Inhibition Withdrawal Overcontrol Oversensitive Overcontrol Oversensitive Neglected or rejected Victims Neglected or rejected Victims Enmeshed relationship

22. Parent Child Interaction Intensity Activity Harsh Punitive Rejected Bullies Hostile/ rejecting relationship

23. Harsh parenting Fearfulness Withdrawal depression

24. Harsh parenting Uninhibited Aggression Conduct disorder

25. Harsh parenting Positive emotionalit y Mitigated outcome