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The Victoria School Sixth Grade 2012
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The classification of organisms in an ordered system that indicates natural relationships.
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Common Name: Domesticated Dog Kingdom: Animalia *Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Canidae Genus: Canis Species: C. familiaris Common Name: Tiger Kingdom: Animalia *Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Panthera Species: P. tigris
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Living organism were classified into five kingdoms in the second half of the 20 th century. Prokaryotes were place in one kingdom and eukaryotes in four kingdoms.
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When the DNA was compared, two very different groups of prokaryotes were identified, a higher grade of taxonomic group was needed to reflect this, now called a domain
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ArchaeaEubacteriaEukaryota Evolved from the earliest cells The “modern” prokaryotes Consists of all eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus Inhabit only very extreme environments Over 10,000 species Consists of the 4 kingdoms: Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Only a few hundred species exist Differ structurally, biochemically, and physiologically from Archaea
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live in harsh environments and may represent the first cells to have evolved. Sewage treatment plants, thermal vents, etc. Archaea
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some of which cause human diseases, are present in almost all habitats on earth. Many bacteria are important environmentally and commercially. Live in the intestines of animals Eubacteria,
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Example: Streptococcus mutans forms biofilms on teeth, which cause dental decay.
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Protista (protozoans, algae…) Fungi (mushrooms, yeasts …) Plantae (multicellular plants) Animalia (multicellular animals)
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They are microscopic, made up of 1 eukaryotic cell. diatoms - a group of unicellular, eukaryotic algae Paramecium Euglena gracilis
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