1. Chapter 2 Anatomy of Respiration Perry C. Hanavan, AuD

2. Vertebral Column Vertebrae (video)Vertebrae Vertebral column Vertebrae Cervical –Atlas and Axis Thoracic –12 pair of ribs articulate Lumbar Sacral Coccyx

3. Vertebra

4. Question Which of the following best describes curvature of the spine away from the midline or sideways? A.Kyphosis B.Lordosis C.Scoliosis D.None of the above

5. Vertebral Disorders ScoliosisLordosisKyphosis

6. Vertebral Disorders

7. Disc Problems

8. Vertebral Disorders

9. Question How many ribs do humans normally have? A.12 B.24 C.16 D.Varies from human to human E.Adam is missing one

10. Ribs Bony thorax (anterior view)Bony thorax Bony thorax (posterior view)Bony thorax 12 pair of ribs: –True Ribs – ribs 1-7; these are attached directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilages. –False Ribs – ribs 8-10; their costal cartilages are joined to the rib just above them so their attachment to the sternum is indirect –Floating Ribs – ribs 11-12; these ribs attach to vertebrae, but not to the sternum so they float on one end

11. Rib Cage During Respiration Dr. Michael Parker Demo Dr. Michael Parker Demo2 Dr. Michael Parker Demo3 Rib

12. Question Term that means breastbone? A.Corpus B.Xiphoid C.Sternum D.Clavicle

13. Sternum Sternum (breastbone)Sternum –Manubrium - handle –Corpus - body –Xiphoid - sword Rib and clavicular articulationsclavicular articulations

14. Scapula Scapula – shoulder bladeScapula

15. Clavicle Clavicle – collar boneClavicle

16. Pelvis Pelvic girdle - basinPelvic girdle

17. Question If a person where to aspirate an object, it is most likely to fall into this lung: A.Right B.Left C.Depends on age of person D.Equal odds falling into either

18. Lungs –2 lungs Right – 3 lobes Left – 2 lobes –Mediastinum Cardiac notch

19. Question Two terms mean windpipe…one Latin and the other Greek (select 2 answers) A.Trachea B.Bronchi C.Alveoloi D.Larynx E.Pharynx

20. Lungs

21. Bronchial Passageway Trachea Bronchi Secondary bronchi Tertiary bronchi Alveoli

22. Trachea and Bronchi Trachea –Trachea Bronchi –Bronchi Alveoli --Alveoli O2 and Co2 are exchanged at the alveoli. There are about 300 million alveoli which are encapsulated in capillaries. The surface of the alveolus is composed of a thin layer of squamous epithelial cells with cuboidal cellsinterspersed among them.

23. Pleural Linings Thoracic linings – parietal pleurae Mediastinal pleura Pericardial Diaphragmatic Costal Apical Visceral

24. Muscles of Inspiration Diaphragm External intercostal Internal intercostal Levator costarum Serratus posterior superior Sternocleidomastoid Scalenus Trapezius Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Subclavius Levator scapulae Rhomboideus major Rhomboideus minor

25. Diaphragm Dome shaped muscle innervated by two phrenic nerves. When diaphragm contracts during normal breathing, the dome descends l-2 cm and as much as l0 cm during deep inspiration.

26. Intercostals

28. Neck Muscles

29. Neck Inspiratory Muscles

30. Anterior Pectoralis Serratus anterior Subclavius

31. Anterior Inspiratory Muscles

32. Posterior Muscles Levatores costarum Serratus posterior superior Levator scapulae Rhomboideus Latissimus dorsi

33. Posterior Inspiratory Muscles

34. Posterior Muscles of Inspiration

35. Muscles of Expiration Internal intercostal Transversus thoracis Subcostal Serratus posterior inferior Innermost intercostal Latissimus dorsi Internal oblique abdominis External oblique abdominis Rectus abdominis Quadratus lumborum

36. Anterior Expiratory Muscles

38. End Chapter 2 Study