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Chapter 11 Bony Thorax
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1 _____________ 12 __________ Vertebrae 12 pairs of _________
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Bony Thorax Protects the ______________organs (heart) _____________ during breathing
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Sternum 3 parts –_____________ Superior portion 2” long –_____________ Longest portion 4” long –_____________ Smallest most distal. Cartilage as an infant and ossifies by age 40
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Sternal Landmarks ___________(suprasternal or manubrial) –Correlates to T2-3 _________________ –Correlates to T4-5 Xiphoid tip –Correlates to T9-10
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Sternal Articulations ____________ _____________ – Sternoclavicular joint 7 ribs – Through ______________ 1 st rib costocartilage on _______________
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Ribs Numbered by the thoracic vertebrae they attach posteriorly 12 pairs ______________ –Costocartilage connection anteriorly to the sternum __________ –8,9,&10 costocartilage attach to the 7 th –___________(11 &12) – No costocartilage articulation
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Rib Anatomy Posterior Vertebral end –__________ –Neck –____________ – Articulates with transverse process of vertebrae
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Rib Anatomy Anterior Sternal end ____________ Shaft ____________ –Artery, vein, and nerve
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Rib Articulations Anterior __________________Union – Rib and costocartilage join Sternoclavicular – Sternum and clavicle
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Rib Articulation Anterior ____________ – Costocartilage to sternum. _______________ – Costocartilage of 6 th – 10 th
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Rib Articulation Posterior ________________ – Head of rib to vertebrae _________________ – Rib tubercle to transverse process
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Sternum Imaging Routine RAO Lateral 40” SID** RAO 60-72” SID Lateral 60 – 70 kVp
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RAO Sternum Moves sternum away from _______ into homogenous __________ ___________ CR to mid sternum –Palpate for _______________ –Center to mid sternum
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RAO Sternum ________________ –Blurs pulmonary markings Collimate about __________
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Lateral Sternum Increase ______ to compensate for increased ___________ If erect have pt hold arms back CR to mid sternum –Place cassette ___________________ Center more anterior on chest ________ sternum
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Rib Imaging Routine PA Chest AP above diaphragm AP below diaphragm RPO/LPO above diaphragm 60 kVp for above diaphragm 70 kVp for below diaphragm 40-72” SID (Unilateral or Bilateral)
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AP Above Diaphragm Center on affected side CR longitudinal ___________ Cassette _______________center to cassette Suspend respiration on _____________
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AP Below Diaphragm Center to ____________ CR mid way between ________________ Suspend respiration on ____________ –Move diaphragm up and away
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RPO / LPO Above Diaphragm 45° Oblique CR between spine a lateral rib margins Cassette _____________and center to cassette Suspend respiration on _________ If Rt side affected ___________right ribs. Lt side shows more _______
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Helpful Tip Some radiologists want a marker indicating area of pain Ribs are a large area Place a _____________on area of interest to help the radiologist focus on an area.
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