1. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Multimedia in the language classroom. An ally or a foe? Quite a few years have passed since the first educational software shyly emerged. Technologies have evolved and so have students’ expectations of them. How can a learner actually benefit from the use of instructional multimedia and what criteria should interactive educational programs meet so that we can exploit them to their full potential?

2. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Definition of Multimedia Programs that combine hardware capabilities such as reproduction of image, sound and video in order to develop effective presentations

3. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia The “Pre-multimedia Era” As teachers, we have been using multimedia for much longer than we can remember or realize.

4. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Categories of Educational or Instructional Multimedia  Computer-Managed Presentations (CMP)  Interactive Multimedia Applications (IMA)  Reference sources (dictionaries, encyclopedias, etc)

5. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Computer-Managed Presentations (CMP) Presentations mainly used to highlight certain points in a speech or lesson. The speaker or teacher dominates the session.

6. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Interactive Multimedia Applications (IMA) Programs whose power lies in their capacity of interacting with the user. They provide prompts to which the user is required to respond in a certain way.

7. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Reference sources Electronic dictionaries or encyclopedias used by students mainly for self- access purposes, such as a team project. Many of them are now available on the Web.

8. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Benefits Both Students AND Teachers benefit from the Use of Multimedia.

9. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 1. Students work at their own pace

10. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 2. Their source of learning is an infinitely patient one.

11. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 3. They get personally involved in the process of learning.

12. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 4. They receive immediate feedback.

13. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 5. Their performance is tested and assessed objectively.

14. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 6. They learn in privacy, sparing themselves the embarrassment of making mistakes in front of an audience.

15. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 7. Individualized learning increases retention of input.

16. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 8. Individualized learning decreases learning time.

17. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 9. More “time-on-task”

18. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 10. Multimedia training might work better where conventional methods have failed.

19. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 11. Increased motivation through the use of sound and image.

20. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia 12. User-friendly multimedia can encourage computer-beginners to overcome their technophobia.

21. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Teachers benefit, too!

22. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia We feel more motivated as we tend to view information technology as novelty

23. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia We develop criteria, especially if we are asked to evaluate the material ourselves

24. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia We overcome our technophobia and add to our teaching tools if the programs are user-friendly.

25. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Our knowledge can be preserved and re-used if it is turned into multimedia programs

26. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Let’s Go Shopping What features should we be looking out for when purchasing Instructional Multimedia?

27. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Features of effective programs.  Introduction  Learning objectives  Orientation  Logical organization  Colour and visuals

28. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia More features of effective programs.  Sound  Clarity of language.  Variety  Active learning  Immediate feedback

29. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Even more features of effective programs.  Challenge  Sense of achievement  Learner control vs guidance  User friendliness

30. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Dangers from the use of poor products Caution! Not all multimedia are good

31. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Boredom which may result from lack of variety or challenge.

32. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Too much emphasis on special effects might lead to distraction from the educational objectives of the program.

33. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Frustration from inadequate instructions.

34. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Passive attitude on the student’s part due to lack of interactivity.

35. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia “just another game” approach.

36. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia What Can Be Taught Through Multimedia? Everything that can work by urging a student to respond and giving appropriate feedback to his/her response.

37. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Reading Developing the skill of reading comprehension, through a variety of exercises (matching text with visuals, titles, and so on)

38. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Listening Better playback control of the audio text, and lots of other capabilities unavailable in the conventional way.

39. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Writing For the moment, only at grammar practice and dictation level, since technology is not smart enough yet (thank god!!!)

40. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Speaking Software is not capable of assessing speech content yet; therefore, only phonological features can be practised.

41. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Grammar Presentation of grammar structures and practice through drills or less controlled activities; feedback is of primary importance.

42. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Testing Quite reliable due to the inherent objectivity of the machine; immediate marking and reporting, too.

43. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Vocabulary A perfect tool for effective presentation of new words, due to its ability to almost duplicate real-world experience.

44. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Pronunciation Efficient presentation thanks to audio- reproduction capabilities.

45. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Exam preparation Potentially, extremely efficient; at the moment, poor educational content turns them into TESTING rather than TEACHING tools.

46. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia How can we become actively involved in multimedia?

47. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Design our own multimedia.

48. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Communicate with those who do and voice our objections.

49. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Turn our own material into mm with an expert’s help.

50. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia What NOT to do! Beware of courses that claim to teach Multimedia Design but in fact, offer anything but!

51. gatis@aias.gr Designed by Alexandros Vouyouklis - Flexible Multimedia Computers won’t replace teachers but teachers who can use technology will replace those who can’t. Should we feel professionally threatened by computers?