1. Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife Management

2. Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards Addressed. WHST.9 ‐ 12.2 HS Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/ experiments, or technical processes. (HS ‐ ESS3 ‐ 1) WHST.9 ‐ 12.2 HS Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/ experiments, or technical processes. (HS ‐ ESS3 ‐ 1)

3. Bell / Learning Objectives Explain the history of wildlife conservation. Explain the history of wildlife conservation. Describe the national policies that impact wildlife conservation. Describe the national policies that impact wildlife conservation. Identify historical people related to wildlife conservation. Identify historical people related to wildlife conservation. Describe the values of wildlife. Describe the values of wildlife. Define wildlife conservation and wildlife management. Define wildlife conservation and wildlife management.

4. Terms to Know Aesthetic value Aesthetic value Commercial value Commercial value Domestication Domestication Ecological value Ecological value Ecology Ecology Endangered species act Endangered species act Exploitation Exploitation Forest service Forest service Game value Game value

5. Terms to Know Lacey Act Lacey Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act National Park Service National Park Service Pittman-Robertson Act Pittman-Robertson Act Scientific value Scientific value Wildlife Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife conservation Wildlife management Wildlife management Wildlife Refuge Service Wildlife Refuge Service

6. Explain the history of wildlife conservation In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people. In the 1600’s, when the pilgrims arrived, wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the needs of the people. Needs turned into wants, which led to exploitation - the use of natural resources for profit. (market hunting) Needs turned into wants, which led to exploitation - the use of natural resources for profit. (market hunting) By the 1800’s, people began to see a need for conservation of our natural resources By the 1800’s, people began to see a need for conservation of our natural resources

7. What is the history of wildlife conservation? What is the history of wildlife conservation? Morrill Act of 1862 Morrill Act of 1862 Established colleges to teach agriculture. Established colleges to teach agriculture. Made “land grant universities” such as New Mexico State University. Made “land grant universities” such as New Mexico State University.

8. What is the history of wildlife conservation? Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park First national park in the world. First national park in the world. Its purpose was to preserve the natural resources of the area. Its purpose was to preserve the natural resources of the area. Established in 1872 Established in 1872 Located in Idaho, Montana & Wyoming Located in Idaho, Montana & Wyoming 3,472 sq. miles 3,472 sq. miles 2,221,773 sq. acres 2,221,773 sq. acres

9. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? National Park Service National Park Service Enacted in 1916. Enacted in 1916. Federal agency responsible for the care of the national parks. Federal agency responsible for the care of the national parks. Lacey Act Lacey Act Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals. Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals. Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife. Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.

10. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act First step in protecting migratory birds. First step in protecting migratory birds. 1929 1929 Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act Requires people planning on hunting migratory birds to purchase special stamps. Requires people planning on hunting migratory birds to purchase special stamps. 1937 1937 Has raised over $1 billion to date. Has raised over $1 billion to date.

11. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Pittman-Robertson Act Pittman-Robertson Act Raises money in the form of taxes on hunting equipment and ammunition Raises money in the form of taxes on hunting equipment and ammunition 1937 1937

12. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Endangered Species Act Endangered Species Act Identifies and manages rare, threatened and endangered species. Identifies and manages rare, threatened and endangered species. Threatened-population is in danger of becoming endangered. Threatened-population is in danger of becoming endangered. Endangered-population is in danger of becoming extinct. Endangered-population is in danger of becoming extinct.

13. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Wildlife Refuge System Wildlife Refuge System A system of wildlife refuges across the United States. A system of wildlife refuges across the United States. A part of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. A part of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. 1966 1966

14. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? Forest Service Forest Service Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland. Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests covering 191 million acres of forests and grassland.

15. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation John James Audubon (1785- 1851) John James Audubon (1785- 1851) Watched and studied birds. Watched and studied birds. Published a book about his bird studies. Published a book about his bird studies. 1905 the National Audubon Society was formed. 1905 the National Audubon Society was formed.

17. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation John Muir (1838-1914) John Muir (1838-1914) Partly responsible for the development of Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks. Partly responsible for the development of Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks. Encouraged President Roosevelt to establish these parks. Encouraged President Roosevelt to establish these parks. Started the Sierra Club. Started the Sierra Club. California forest named after him. California forest named after him.

19. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) Known as the “Father of the Conservation Movement”. Known as the “Father of the Conservation Movement”. Passed legislations to help protect natural resource. Passed legislations to help protect natural resource.

20. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Aldo Leopold (1886-1948) Aldo Leopold (1886-1948) Applied ecology to wildlife. Applied ecology to wildlife. Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. Wrote a book called Game Management that was used to help further educate wildlife biologists. Wrote a book called Game Management that was used to help further educate wildlife biologists. Much of his research was conducted here in New Mexico. Much of his research was conducted here in New Mexico.

21. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Gifford Pinchot (1865- 1946) Gifford Pinchot (1865- 1946) One of the first leaders of what is now known as the U.S. Forest Service. One of the first leaders of what is now known as the U.S. Forest Service. Wrote a book called The Fight for Conservation. Wrote a book called The Fight for Conservation. His efforts focused on the conservation of forests. His efforts focused on the conservation of forests.

22. Historical People in Wildlife Conservation Hugh Bennett (1881-1960 Hugh Bennett (1881-1960 Father of soil conservation. Father of soil conservation. First person to run the Soil Conservation Service. First person to run the Soil Conservation Service. Jay Darling (1872-1962) Jay Darling (1872-1962) Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural resources. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural resources. His cartoons made the public aware of the need for wildlife conservation. His cartoons made the public aware of the need for wildlife conservation.

23. The work of Jay Darling “Land, water and vegetation are just that dependent on one another. Without these three primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humans” “Land, water and vegetation are just that dependent on one another. Without these three primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humans” Jay “Ding” Darling Jay “Ding” Darling

24. The work of Jay Darling

25. What are the values of wildlife Plants and animals that have not been domesticated are called wildlife. Plants and animals that have not been domesticated are called wildlife. Domestication is being under control of humans. Domestication is being under control of humans. There are five basic values of wildlife There are five basic values of wildlife

26. Five Basic Values of Wildlife Aesthetic value - the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and pleasure Aesthetic value - the enjoying of wildlife’s beauty and pleasure Scientific value - studying and research of wildlife for their use in medications, integrated pest management, etc… Scientific value - studying and research of wildlife for their use in medications, integrated pest management, etc… Ecological Value - the interaction of wildlife in nature Ecological Value - the interaction of wildlife in nature

27. Five Basic Values of Wildlife Commercial - using wildlife to earn money. Commercial - using wildlife to earn money. Game Value - the enjoyment value gained through hunting and fishing. Game Value - the enjoyment value gained through hunting and fishing.

28. What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management? Wildlife Conservation-the wise use of natural resources in our environment. Wildlife Conservation-the wise use of natural resources in our environment. Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts. Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts. Education - learning how to conserve wildlife and its resources. Education - learning how to conserve wildlife and its resources. Research - using science to better understand the needs and requirements of wildlife and its habitat. Research - using science to better understand the needs and requirements of wildlife and its habitat.

29. What are wildlife conservation and wildlife management? Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts (continued) Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts (continued) Law Enforcement - ensures that all laws related to wildlife are followed. Law Enforcement - ensures that all laws related to wildlife are followed. Wildlife Management - manipulation of wildlife to achieve a positive goal. Wildlife Management - manipulation of wildlife to achieve a positive goal.

30. Review What is wildlife exploitation? What is wildlife exploitation? List and explain the national policies that impact wildlife conservation. List and explain the national policies that impact wildlife conservation. Identify historical people to wildlife conservation. Identify historical people to wildlife conservation. Describe the values of wildlife. Describe the values of wildlife. What is wildlife management? What is wildlife management? What is wildlife conservation? What is wildlife conservation?

31. The End!