1. 2013-2014 Local Tournament Questions Elementary/Middle Division Theme - Round 1 America’s Fight for Independence From Confederation to Republic 1777-1791 Round One - From a Shaky Start to…….

2. TWO POINT QUESTIONS 1. The Articles of Confederation was an agreement among the 13 original states. It established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states and acted as its first constitution. The first draft of the Articles of Confederation was based on Benjamin Franklin’s ideas, but actually penned by: A. Abraham Baldwin B. George Washington C. Alexander Hamilton D. John Dickinson

3. 2. In what year was the Northwest Ordinance passed? A. 1781 B. 1787 C. 1789 D. 1791

4. 3. The Northwest Ordinance passed by the Confederation Congress in 1787 created the Northwest Territory out of the region now known as which states? A. Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, Oregon, South Dakota and Washington B. Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota and Wisconsin C. Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee and West Virginia D. Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, North Carolina and South Carolina

5. 4. Which was the first state to ratify the Articles of Confederation? A. Virginia B. Maryland C. Tennessee D. Delaware

6. 5. The Articles of Confederation could not become officially effective until it was ratified by how many colonies? A. 7 B. 9 C. 10 D. 13

7. 6. This former American Revolutionary War veteran was outraged by the denial of paper money to prevent foreclosure on the lands of hardworking farmers. He led a rebellion against the government to prove how serious the farmers were during this time. Determined not to stop until he had what he wanted, he planned an attack on the Springfield Massachusetts Arsenal. Who was this person? A. Samuel Adams B. Daniel Shay C. George Mason D. John Hancock

8. 7. The Land Ordinance was made possible because, in 1780, a number of the original 13 states began to give up their claims to land between the Mississippi River and the: A. Appalachian Mountains B. Allegheny Mountains C. Smoky Mountains D. Pocono Mountains FOUR POINT QUESTIONS

9. 8. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 created the Northwest Territory, organized the structure of its government, and set up procedures for territories to be admitted to the Union as states. Because slavery was forbidden within this territory, which river became a natural dividing line between the free and slave states in this country? A. Allegheny River B. Ohio River C. Monongahela River D. Mississippi River

10. 9. Through what did the Confederation Congress assure that land would be set aside in all western townships for schools? A. Northwest Ordinance B. Annapolis Convention C. Bill of Rights D. Land Ordinance of 1785

11. 10. According to the Articles of Confederation, each state interpreted and enforced its laws as it saw fit. This was a flawed structure, because it was almost impossible to resolve disputes or punish crimes that occurred between different states. Furthermore, the government had no power to interfere, because there was no: A. Jury System B. Federal Bureau of Investigation C. Police Force D. Federal Court System

12. 11. Under the Confederation Government, besides having no obligation to obey the government’s laws, each state had the power to: A. Elect its own president B. Ban interstate travel C. Issue its own paper money D. Withdraw from the Confederation

13. 12. The Articles of Confederation had limits on governmental authority because the states feared a strong central government. Which of the following was not a power granted to the Confederation Congress? A. The power to declare war B. The power to tax citizens’ incomes C. The power to negotiate commercial and diplomatic agreements with foreign countries D. The power to resolve boundary disputes between two states

14. 13. Why did the ratification of the Articles of Confederation process drag on for several years? A. Some states thought the Articles gave the states too much power. B. Some states wanted to put a limit on slavery in the Northwest Territory. C. Some states wanted all states to rescind their land claims in the Ohio River Valley. D. Some states thought the Articles of Confederation gave the Federal government too much power. SIX POINT QUESTIONS

15. 14. This man was a delegate to the Continental Congress (1784-87) who helped draft the Ordinance of 1787 for the settlement of the Northwest Territory. He was chiefly responsible for the provision excluding slavery from that region. Who was this person? A. Rufus King B. Roger Sherman C. Oliver Ellsworth D. John Paterson

16. 15. This state was the last to ratify the Articles of Confederation and it only ratified the Articles after Virginia relinquished its claims on land north of the Ohio River. Which state held out the longest before ratifying the Articles of Confederation? A. South Carolina B. Maryland C. Tennessee D. Delaware

17. 16. In 1786, twelve delegates from New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Virginia, met to call for a constitutional convention. Formally called the Meeting of Commissioners to Remedy Defects of the Federal Government, this gathering is more familiarly known as the: A. Philadelphia Convention B. Constitutional Conference C. Maryland Meeting D. Annapolis Convention

18. 17. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress did not have the power to generate revenue by taxing the people of the United States. Consequently, Congress decided to raise money by selling land in the mostly unmapped territory, west of the original states, which was acquired after the end of the Revolutionary War. The provisions for this sale were made under the: A. Freedom Ordinance of 1787 B. Southeastern Ordinance of 1785 C. Territorial Ordinance of 1783 D. Land Ordinance of 1785

19. 18. The Confederation government was ineffective because of weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation. Which of the following was not true of the Confederation government? A. It lacked a federal court system. B. There was no separate executive branch. C. Only 7 states had to agree to pass any laws. D. Members of the Confederation Congress could not be compelled to attend congressional sessions, so they often lacked enough delegates to work.