Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 – Exception Handling Outline 14.1 Introduction 14.2 When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3.

Published byEllie Saley Modified over 9 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: " 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 – Exception Handling Outline 14.1 Introduction 14.2 When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3."— Presentation transcript:

1  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 – Exception Handling Outline 14.1 Introduction 14.2 When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3 Other Error-Handling Techniques 14.4 Basics of Java Exception Handling 14.5 try Blocks 14.6 Throwing an Exception 14.7 Catching an Exception 14.8 Exception-Handling Example: Divide by Zero 14.9 Rethrowing an Exception 14.10 throws Clause 14.11 Constructors, Finalizers and Exception Handling 14.12 Exceptions and Inheritance 14.13 finally Block 14.14 Using printStackTrace and getMessage

2  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.1 Introduction Exception handling –Exception Indication of problem during execution –E.g., array out of bounds –Handles errors –Class Exception

3  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.2 When Exception Handling Should Be Used Uses of exception handling –When method cannot complete its task –Process exceptions from program components –Handle exceptions in a uniform manner in large projects

4  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.3 Other Error-Handling Techniques Using no error-handling –Not for mission critical applications Exit application on error –Program must return resources

5  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.4 Basics of Java Exception Handling A method detects an error and throws an exception –Exception handler processes the error The error is considered caught and handled in this model Code that could generate errors put in try blocks –Code for error handling enclosed in a catch block –The finally always executes with or without an error Keyword throws tells exceptions of a method Termination model of exception handling –The block in which the exception occurs expires

6  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.5 try Blocks The try block structure try { statements that may throw an exception } catch ( ExceptionType exceptionReference ) { statements to process an exception } A try followed by any number of catch blocks

7  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.6 Throwing an Exception The throw statement –Indicates an exception has occurred –Operand any class derived from Throwable Subclasses of Throwable –Class Exception Problems that should be caught –Class Error Serious exception should not be caught Control moves from try block to catch block

8  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.7 Catching an Exception Handler catches exception –Executes code in catch block –Should only catch Exception s Program terminates if no appropriate handler Single catch can handle multiple exceptions Many ways to write exception handlers

9  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.8 Exception-Handling Example: Divide by Zero Common programming mistake Throws ArithmeticException

10  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline DivideByZeroExce ption.java Lines 8-11 Lines 14-17 1 // Fig. 14.1: DivideByZeroException.java 2 // Definition of class DivideByZeroException. 3 // Used to throw an exception when a 4 // divide-by-zero is attempted. 5 public class DivideByZeroException extends ArithmeticException { 6 7 // no-argument constructor specifies default error message 8 public DivideByZeroException() 9 { 10 super( "Attempted to divide by zero" ); 11 } 12 13 // constructor to allow customized error message 14 public DivideByZeroException( String message ) 15 { 16 super( message ); 17 } 18 19 } // end class DivideByZeroException Specify String as exception message (indicates error) Alternate constructor specifies String as exception message

11  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline DivideByZeroTest.java Lines 21-51 1 // Fig. 14.2: DivideByZeroTest.java 2 // A simple exception handling example. 3 // Checking for a divide-by-zero-error. 4 5 // Java core packages 6 import java.awt.*; 7 import java.awt.event.*; 8 import java.text.DecimalFormat; 9 10 // Java extension packages 11 import javax.swing.*; 12 13 public class DivideByZeroTest extends JFrame 14 implements ActionListener { 15 16 private JTextField inputField1, inputField2, outputField; 17 private int number1, number2; 18 private double result; 19 20 // set up GUI 21 public DivideByZeroTest() 22 { 23 super( "Demonstrating Exceptions" ); 24 25 // get content pane and set its layout 26 Container container = getContentPane(); 27 container.setLayout( new GridLayout( 3, 2 ) ); 28 29 // set up label and inputField1 30 container.add( 31 new JLabel( "Enter numerator ", SwingConstants.RIGHT ) ); 32 inputField1 = new JTextField( 10 ); 33 container.add( inputField1 ); 34 Constructor builds graphical user interface and registers DivideByZeroTest

12  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline DivideByZeroTest.java Lines 54-84 Lines 61-67 Lines 62-63 Line 65 35 // set up label and inputField2; register listener 36 container.add( 37 new JLabel( "Enter denominator and press Enter ", 38 SwingConstants.RIGHT ) ); 39 inputField2 = new JTextField( 10 ); 40 container.add( inputField2 ); 41 inputField2.addActionListener( this ); 42 43 // set up label and outputField 44 container.add( 45 new JLabel( "RESULT ", SwingConstants.RIGHT ) ); 46 outputField = new JTextField(); 47 container.add( outputField ); 48 49 setSize( 425, 100 ); 50 setVisible( true ); 51 } 52 53 // process GUI events 54 public void actionPerformed( ActionEvent event ) 55 { 56 DecimalFormat precision3 = new DecimalFormat( "0.000" ); 57 58 outputField.setText( "" ); // clear outputField 59 60 // read two numbers and calculate quotient 61 try { 62 number1 = Integer.parseInt( inputField1.getText() ); 63 number2 = Integer.parseInt( inputField2.getText() ); 64 65 result = quotient( number1, number2 ); 66 outputField.setText( precision3.format( result ) ); 67 } 68 Method actionPerformed called when after input entered The try block Read integers from JTextField s Method quotient attempts division

13  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline DivideByZeroTest.java Lines 70-75 Lines 78-83 Lines 88-95 69 // process improperly formatted input 70 catch ( NumberFormatException numberFormatException ) { 71 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog( this, 72 "You must enter two integers", 73 "Invalid Number Format", 74 JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE ); 75 } 76 77 // process attempts to divide by zero 78 catch ( ArithmeticException arithmeticException ) { 79 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog( this, 80 arithmeticException.toString(), 81 "Arithmetic Exception", 82 JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE ); 83 } 84 } 85 86 // method quotient demonstrated throwing an exception 87 // when a divide-by-zero error occurs 88 public double quotient( int numerator, int denominator ) 89 throws DivideByZeroException 90 { 91 if ( denominator == 0 ) 92 throw new DivideByZeroException(); 93 94 return ( double ) numerator / denominator; 95 } 96 Catch NumberFormatException Catch DivideByZeroException Method quotient divides two integers

14  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline DivideByZeroTest.java Program Output 97 // execute application 98 public static void main( String args[] ) 99 { 100 DivideByZeroTest application = new DivideByZeroTest(); 101 102 application.setDefaultCloseOperation( 103 JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE ); 104 } 105 106 } // end class DivideByZeroTest

15  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.9 Rethrowing an Exception Rethrow exception if catch cannot handle it

16  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.10 throws Clause Lists the exceptions thrown by a method int functionName ( paramterList ) throws ExceptionType1, ExceptionType2,… { // method body } RuntimeException s occur during execution –ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException –NullPointerException Declare exceptions a method throws

17  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.11 Constructors, Finalizers, and Exception Handling Throw exception if constructor causes error Finalize called when object garbage collected

18  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.12 Exceptions and Inheritance Inheritance of exception classes –Allows polymorphic processing of related exceptions

19  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.13 finally Block Resource leak –Caused when resources are not released by a program The finally block –Appears after catch blocks –Always executes –Use to release resources

20  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Lines 7-21 Line 11 Lines 15-18 Line 20 Line 29 1 // Fig. 14.9: UsingExceptions.java 2 // Demonstration of the try-catch-finally 3 // exception handling mechanism. 4 public class UsingExceptions { 5 6 // execute application 7 public static void main( String args[] ) 8 { 9 // call method throwException 10 try { 11 throwException(); 12 } 13 14 // catch Exceptions thrown by method throwException 15 catch ( Exception exception ) 16 { 17 System.err.println( "Exception handled in main" ); 18 } 19 20 doesNotThrowException(); 21 } 22 23 // demonstrate try/catch/finally 24 public static void throwException() throws Exception 25 { 26 // throw an exception and immediately catch it 27 try { 28 System.out.println( "Method throwException" ); 29 throw new Exception(); // generate exception 30 } 31 Method main immediately enters try block Calls method throwException Handle exception thrown by throwException Call method doesNotThrow- Exception Method throws new Exception

21  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Line 33 Line 37 Lines 44-47 Lines 61-64 32 // catch exception thrown in try block 33 catch ( Exception exception ) 34 { 35 System.err.println( 36 "Exception handled in method throwException" ); 37 throw exception; // rethrow for further processing 38 39 // any code here would not be reached 40 } 41 42 // this block executes regardless of what occurs in 43 // try/catch 44 finally { 45 System.err.println( 46 "Finally executed in throwException" ); 47 } 48 49 // any code here would not be reached 50 } 51 52 // demonstrate finally when no exception occurs 53 public static void doesNotThrowException() 54 { 55 // try block does not throw an exception 56 try { 57 System.out.println( "Method doesNotThrowException" ); 58 } 59 60 // catch does not execute, because no exception thrown 61 catch( Exception exception ) 62 { 63 System.err.println( exception.toString() ); 64 } 65 Catch Exception Rethrow Exception The finally block executes, even though Exception thrown Skip catch block since no Exception thrown

22  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Lines 68-71 Program Output 66 // this block executes regardless of what occurs in 67 // try/catch 68 finally { 69 System.err.println( 70 "Finally executed in doesNotThrowException" ); 71 } 72 73 System.out.println( 74 "End of method doesNotThrowException" ); 75 } 76 77 } // end class UsingExceptions Method throwException Exception handled in method throwException Finally executed in throwException Exception handled in main Method doesNotThrowException Finally executed in doesNotThrowException End of method doesNotThrowException ! The finally block always executes

23  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Line 10 Line 14 1 // Fig. 14.10: UsingExceptions.java 2 // Demonstration of stack unwinding. 3 public class UsingExceptions { 4 5 // execute application 6 public static void main( String args[] ) 7 { 8 // call throwException to demonstrate stack unwinding 9 try { 10 throwException(); 11 } 12 13 // catch exception thrown in throwException 14 catch ( Exception exception ) { 15 System.err.println( "Exception handled in main" ); 16 } 17 } 18 Call method throwException Catch Exception from method throwExcetion

24  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Lines 21-39 Line 30 Program Output 19 // throwException throws an exception that is not caught in 20 // the body of this method 21 public static void throwException() throws Exception 22 { 23 // throw an exception and catch it in main 24 try { 25 System.out.println( "Method throwException" ); 26 throw new Exception(); // generate exception 27 } 28 29 // catch is incorrect type, so Exception not caught 30 catch( RuntimeException runtimeException ) { 31 System.err.println( 32 "Exception handled in method throwException" ); 33 } 34 35 // finally block always executes 36 finally { 37 System.err.println( "Finally is always executed" ); 38 } 39 } 40 41 } // end class UsingExceptions Method throwException Finally is always executed Exception handled in main Method throwException Cannot catch RuntimeException so catch in main

25  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 14.14 Using printStackTrace and getMessage Method printStackTrace –Prints the method call stack Throwable class –Method getMessage retrieves informationString

26  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Lines 16-17 1 // Fig. 14.11: UsingExceptions.java 2 // Demonstrating the getMessage and printStackTrace 3 // methods inherited into all exception classes. 4 public class UsingExceptions { 5 6 // execute application 7 public static void main( String args[] ) 8 { 9 // call method1 10 try { 11 method1(); 12 } 13 14 // catch Exceptions thrown from method1 15 catch ( Exception exception ) { 16 System.err.println( exception.getMessage() + "\n" ); 17 exception.printStackTrace(); 18 } 19 } 20 21 // call method2; throw exceptions back to main 22 public static void method1() throws Exception 23 { 24 method2(); 25 } 26 27 // call method3; throw exceptions back to method1 28 public static void method2() throws Exception 29 { 30 method3(); 31 } 32 Error information generated by getMessage and printStackTrace

27  2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Outline UsingExceptions. java Line 36 Program Output 33 // throw Exception back to method2 34 public static void method3() throws Exception 35 { 36 throw new Exception( "Exception thrown in method3" ); 37 } 38 39 } // end class Using Exceptions Exception thrown in method3 java.lang.Exception: Exception thrown in method3 at UsingExceptions.method3(UsingExceptions.java:36) at UsingExceptions.method2(UsingExceptions.java:30) at UsingExceptions.method1(UsingExceptions.java:24) at UsingExceptions.main(UsingExceptions.java:11)) Throw an Exception that propagates back to main

Download ppt " 2002 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 14 – Exception Handling Outline 14.1 Introduction 14.2 When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3."

Similar presentations

1992-2007 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1.. Exception Handling.

Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1.. Exception Handling.
Topics Introduction Types of Errors Exceptions Exception Handling

Topics Introduction Types of Errors Exceptions Exception Handling
Exceptions Chapter 15. 15 Throwing and Catching Exceptions When a program runs into a problem that it cannot handle, it throws an exception. Exceptions.

Exceptions Chapter Throwing and Catching Exceptions When a program runs into a problem that it cannot handle, it throws an exception. Exceptions.
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 13 - Exception Handling Outline 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Exception-Handling Overview 13.3 Other.

 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 13 - Exception Handling Outline 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Exception-Handling Overview 13.3 Other.
Exception Handling. Introduction Errors can be dealt with at place error occurs –Easy to see if proper error checking implemented –Harder to read application.

Exception Handling. Introduction Errors can be dealt with at place error occurs –Easy to see if proper error checking implemented –Harder to read application.
Exceptions Don’t Frustrate Your User – Handle Errors KR – CS 1401 Spring 2005 Picture – sysprog.net.

Exceptions Don’t Frustrate Your User – Handle Errors KR – CS 1401 Spring 2005 Picture – sysprog.net.
Exception Handling Chapter 15 2 What You Will Learn Use try, throw, catch to watch for indicate exceptions handle How to process exceptions and failures.

Exception Handling Chapter 15 2 What You Will Learn Use try, throw, catch to watch for indicate exceptions handle How to process exceptions and failures.
Introduction to Exceptions in Java. 2 Runtime Errors What are syntax errors? What are runtime errors? Java differentiates between runtime errors and exceptions.

Introduction to Exceptions in Java. 2 Runtime Errors What are syntax errors? What are runtime errors? Java differentiates between runtime errors and exceptions.
Outline DivideByZeroTes t.java 1 // Fig. 15.1: DivideByZeroTest.java 2 // An exception-handling example that checks for divide-by-zero. 3 import java.awt.*;

Outline DivideByZeroTes t.java 1 // Fig. 15.1: DivideByZeroTest.java 2 // An exception-handling example that checks for divide-by-zero. 3 import java.awt.*;
 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 15 – Exception Handling Outline 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Exception-Handling Overview 15.3 Exception-Handling.

 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 15 – Exception Handling Outline 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Exception-Handling Overview 15.3 Exception-Handling.
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 23 - Exception Handling Outline 23.1Introduction 23.2When Exception Handling Should Be Used 23.3Other.

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 23 - Exception Handling Outline 23.1Introduction 23.2When Exception Handling Should Be Used 23.3Other.
Exception Handling Yaodong Bi Exception Handling Java exception handling Try blocks Throwing and re-throwing an exception Catching an.

Exception Handling Yaodong Bi Exception Handling Java exception handling Try blocks Throwing and re-throwing an exception Catching an.
Exception Handling1. 2 Exceptions  Definition  Exception types  Exception Hierarchy  Catching exceptions  Throwing exceptions  Defining exceptions.

Exception Handling1. 2 Exceptions  Definition  Exception types  Exception Hierarchy  Catching exceptions  Throwing exceptions  Defining exceptions.
Exception Handling 1 CISC6795, Spring 2011. Introduction 2 Exception – an indication of a problem that occurs during a program’s execution, for examples:

Exception Handling 1 CISC6795, Spring Introduction 2 Exception – an indication of a problem that occurs during a program’s execution, for examples:
 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 13 Exception Handling.

 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved Exception Handling.
Slides prepared by Rose Williams, Binghamton University ICS201 Exception Handling University of Hail College of Computer Science and Engineering Department.

Slides prepared by Rose Williams, Binghamton University ICS201 Exception Handling University of Hail College of Computer Science and Engineering Department.
1 Lecture 11 Interfaces and Exception Handling from Chapters 9 and 10.

1 Lecture 11 Interfaces and Exception Handling from Chapters 9 and 10.
Objectives Understanding what an exception is Understanding the heirarchy of exception classes Learn the types of exception and how to catch and handle.

Objectives Understanding what an exception is Understanding the heirarchy of exception classes Learn the types of exception and how to catch and handle.
1 Nested Classes O. 2 Possible to declare a class within another class; called nested classes Nested class should have some specific association with.

1 Nested Classes O. 2 Possible to declare a class within another class; called nested classes Nested class should have some specific association with.
 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 14 - Exception Handling Outline 14.1Introduction 14.2When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3Other.

 2000 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 14 - Exception Handling Outline 14.1Introduction 14.2When Exception Handling Should Be Used 14.3Other.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google