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Published byDennis Lone Modified over 9 years ago
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90 % of the human cerebral cortex is neocortex (also termed isocortex) It is phylogenetically newest and structurally most complex. Neocortex is composed of six layers Each layer possesses several neuronal and glial cell types. One or more neurons dominate within each layer.
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Layers of the neocortex (from superficial to deep) and the neurons contained within them are as follows: Molecular layer: horizontal cells (also termed horizontal cells of Cajal) External granular layer: stellate (granule) cells External pyramidal layer: stellate cells and large pyramidal cells Internal granular layer: stellate cells Internal pyramidal layer: large and medium pyramidal cells Multiform layer: inverted pyramidal neurons (also termed Martinotti cells)
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Surface of cerebellum is thrown into a large number of folds, termed folia cerebelli, which serve to increase the surface area of the cerebellum. Cerebellum is divided into a cortex of gray matter and a medullary center of white matter. Cerebellar cortex is divided into three layers: Molecular Purkinje, and Granular. Each layer is named for the predominant cell type found within that layer.
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Neuronal somas for sensory spinal nerves are located within the spinal (dorsal root) ganglia. There is a prominent, large, pale-staining nucleus and the smaller, darker-staining nucleolus within the soma. Surrounding the neuronal somas are satellite cells, a type of glial cell found with the peripheral nervous system
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Ganglion of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is found between the circular and longitudinal layers of smooth muscle Individual neuronal somas with prominent nuclei are visible within this ganglion.
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