1. Do Now
With 2-3 peers that are sitting next to you, create a list of things that make up poetry. If you have any prior knowledge of poetic terminology be sure to include it!
Be prepared to discuss your list with the class.

2. Terms to Know:
Poetry

3. Rhythm
A pattern of stressed and unstressed sounds in poetry. Poets use rhythm to create pleasurable sound patterns and to reinforce meanings.
Question: How might rhythm be used to reinforce meaning in a poem?

4. Rhyme
Repetition of accented vowel sounds, and all sounds following them, in words that are close together in a poem.
End rhymes are rhymes that occur at the end of lines.
Internal rhymes are rhymes that occur within a line of poetry.
Near rhymes are imperfect rhymes, like bitter and filter.
Note task: Think of at least 3 rhyming words and include them with your definition.

5. Rhyme Scheme
The pattern of rhymes in a poem. Rhyme schemes are charted in a poem by using a different letter of the alphabet for each rhyme. Examples: abab cdcd or abba cddc
Note task: Chart the rhyme scheme of this short poem:
Old Mary
My last defense
Is the present tense.
It little hurts me now to know
I shall not go
Cathedral-hunting in Spain
Nor cherrying in Michigan or Maine.

6. Consonance
Repetition of identical consonant sounds preceded by different vowel sounds in a grouping or series of words.
Example: home, same, time

7. Assonance
Repetition of similar vowel sounds that are followed by different consonant sounds in a group or series of words.
Example: base, fade, pain

8. Alliteration
Repetition of the same or very similar consonant sounds at the beginning of words in a group or series.
Example: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.
Question: Can you think of another familiar example of alliteration?

9. Onomatopoeia Words that represent sounds. Examples: Swoosh Bang Pop
Crack
bam

10. Imagery
Language that appeals to the senses and creates a mental picture.

11. Simile
Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, using a word such as like, as, resembles, or than.
Note Task: Write down a few examples of similes that you can think of or are suggested by your classmates.

12. Metaphor
Figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things, in which one thing becomes another thing without the using like, as, than, or resembles.
Note Taking Task: Write down a few examples of metaphors that you can think of or are suggested by your classmates.

13. Personification
Giving inanimate object (non-living thing) human qualities
Example – The tea pot whistled.
Note Task: Think of at least one other example of personification

14. Lines and Stanzas
A Line is the most basic unit of poetry, and can be measured in feet, a unit for describing the number of and arrangement of syllables in a line.
A Stanza is a group of consecutive lines in a poem that form a single unit. Similar to a paragraph in prose.

15. Scansion
The process of measuring the stresses in a line of verse in order to determine the metrical pattern of the line.

16. Meter
Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry. Helps to create a flow in the language, and can contribute to the musical sound of some poems.
Question: Can you detect the meter in the following lines?
The badger turns and drives them all away
Though scarcely half as big, dimute and small
He fights with dogs for hours and beats them all
The heavy mastiff savage in the fray

17. Langston Hughes
With a partner, read and answer the questions for “Harlem” by Langston Hughes.
Be prepared to discuss.