1. “Spray Application Accuracy” Nozzle Selection

2. Why are you here???? Are you concerned with accuracy? n $$ go bye, bye n Changing rates (< an ounce/acre) n More foliar applied products (herbicides) n More sophisticated equipment - $$$ n Environmental impact (water and air) n Inefficient n Variable rates n Site-specific Points???

3. Equipment cost today? How much do these machines cost?

4. What about the cost of the nozzle?

5. Regardless of the cost: n n Without proper attention to the nozzle, you may end up with a misapplication

6. Nozzles Control n Amount of spray applied n Uniformity of the spray n Coverage on the target n Amount of off-target drift

7. Nozzle Types Flat Spray Tips: n n Extended Range Flat-fan n n Drift Reduction Flat-fan n n Turbo Flood Flat-fan n n Turbo Flat-fan n n AI Flat-fan TurboDrop Cone Spray Tips: n Raindrop

8. Selecting the proper nozzle Legal issues!!

9. Rated Pressure = 40 psi for most nozzle types 10 psi for turbo flood nozzles Nomenclature: Stainless Steel Insert Orifice Trade Name Fan angle and flow rate- orifice size Extended Range VisiFlo Color Coding (S,H,P,K,SS)

10. Typical nozzle numbering system Extended-rangeflat-fan XR 11004 XRExtended-range 110 110 degree fan angle 04 0.4 GPM @ 40 psi Even flat-fan – (Band applications) 8002EE Even spray pattern 80 80 degree fan angle 02 0.2 GPM @ 40 psi Turbo flood - (small capacity) TF- 4 TF Turbo flood 4.4 GPM @ 10 psi Turbo flood – (Floater capacity) QCTF - 40 QCTF Quick attach turbo flood 40 4.0 GPM @ 10 psi

11. Electronics/Rate Controllers n How does your system work when speed changes? n Is it pressure based? n What is the effect of going slower? n What is the effect of going faster?

12. Typical nozzle numbering system Extended-rangeflat-fan XR 11004 XRExtended-range 110 110 degree fan angle 04 0.4 GPM @ 40 psi Even flat-fan – (Band applications) 8002EE Even spray pattern 80 80 degree fan angle 02 0.2 GPM @ 40 psi Turbo flood - (small capacity) TF- 4 TF Turbo flood 4.4 GPM @ 10 psi Turbo flood – (Floater capacity) QCTF - 40 QCTF Quick attach turbo flood 40 4.0 GPM @ 10 psi

13. Set up for Uniformity Goal is to put the material on evenly from nozzle to nozzle, end of boom to end of boom, and across the entire field. 20-inch spacing requires 17-19” above target for 50-60% overlap.

14. Set Up For Uniformity n What is the first step? n Use label to select the –application volume –product rate n Choose an appropriate travel speed n Effective width of application –nozzle spacing n Calculate GPM – Flow rate per nozzle n Select the correct size of nozzle!

15. n Label requirements? Set Up For Uniformity

16. Determine Your Field Speed – Know it to maintain it! 200 Feet in 27 seconds 200 27 = 5 MPH X 0.682 Buy a speed sensor

17. Set Up For Uniformity n What is the first step? n Use label to select the –application volume –product rate n Choose an appropriate travel speed n Effective width of application –nozzle spacing n Calculate GPM – Flow rate per nozzle n Select the correct size of nozzle!

18. MATERIALS AND WEAR Percent increase in nozzle flow rate Flat-fan spray nozzles after 40 hour test

19. Coverage n Need knowledge of the product being used. –Systemic –Contact n What is the target? –Soil –grass –broadleaf (smooth, hairy, waxy)

20. Calculations GPA= 5940 #$!@&%!

21. Flow Rate Equation n Calculates for amount of flow from one nozzle n Represents the size of nozzle to put on the sprayer n Calculates for amount of flow from one nozzle n Represents the size of nozzle to put on the sprayer

22. Calculations GPA= 5940 Ok, now I remember!

23. Calibration/Nozzle Selection n What is the first step? n Use label to select the –application volume –product rate n Choose an appropriate travel speed n Effective width of application –nozzle spacing n Calculate GPM n Size of nozzle!

24. Nozzle size - Variables n Nozzle flow rate (GPM) n Ground speed (MPH) n Effective sprayed width (W) n Application rate (GPA)

25. Flow Rate Equation n Calculates for amount of flow from one nozzle n Represents the size of nozzle to put on the sprayer n Calculates for amount of flow from one nozzle n Represents the size of nozzle to put on the sprayer

26. gallons per acre gallons per minute GPA = ______________________ GPM = ______________________ MPH = ______________________ W = ______________________ = a constant to convert gallons per minute, miles per hour, and inches to gallons per acre 5940 = a constant to convert gallons per minute, miles per hour, and inches to gallons per acre miles per hour nozzle spacing - inches Where:

27. 1. Nozzle Flow Rate - Gallons Per Minute (GPM) To double the nozzle output, the pressure must increase times 2. Ground speed - Miles Per Hour (MPH) Doubling the ground speed reduces GPA rate by___ 3. Effective Sprayed Width (W) (Nozzle spacing, band width, number of nozzles on drop) 4 1/2 Variables

28. Electronics/Rate Controllers n How does your system work when speed changes? n What is the effect of going slower? n What is the effect of going faster?

29. You want to broadcast a foliar herbicide at 10 GPA traveling 5 MPH using extended range flat-fan nozzles on 20-inch spacing. Use equation to calculate for flow rate? GPM Example

30. GPA Example Solution GPM=? GPA=? MPH=? W=? GPM=? GPA=10 MPH=5 W=20

31. GPM Example Solution Answer.17

32. n Calculate GPM (formula) n Look under ‘Capacity of 1 nozzle in GPM’ column n Match to pressure-psi n Choose the size needed n Operate at given pressure and speed to achieve GPA Selecting the proper nozzle….