1. 1 The Emergence of the Wireless Communications Cluster in North Jutland Bent Dalum Department of Business Studies Aalborg University

2. 2 ”TECHNOLOGICAL LIFE CYCLES: REGIONAL CLUSTERS FACING DISRUPTION ” Bent Dalum, Christian Ø. R. Pedersen and Gert Villumsen DRUID Working Paper 10-2002, September 2002 www.druid.dk

3. 3 NorCOM (1) A technology based cluster The ‘inner’ Core: 35-40 telecommunications firms Knowledge institutions (AAU) Bridging institutions & venture capital (NOVI)

4. 4 NorCOM (2) 1997-99 a CLUB Firms and university researchers, Hosted by a science park, NOVI www.norcom.dk 2000- a BUSINESS ASSOCIATION 25 firms & university researchers, Hosted by NOVI Financed by member firms

5. 5 NorCOM (3) ‘Core’ technology focus Microwaves - Radiocommunications 1) Mobile and cordless communications (equipment) –GSM, 2+ (GPRS, EDGE) –DECT –WAP, Bluetooth –UMTS 2) Components for mobile terminals 3) Mobile services 4) Maritime communications and navigation –communication (VHF, UHF & satellite) –navigation (satellite) [5) Wired communications]

6. 6 Denmark Regional specialisation – The ICT sector 1999

7. 7 Cluster evolution

8. 8 Technological life cycles The technological life cycles of the mobile communication industry

9. 9 Regional Clustering The dynamics of a regional cluster Cluster analysis dimensions Geography Breadth Depth University research and education Ownership structure

10. 10 Technological life cycles The NMT (1G) life cycle – an embryo of a cluster formed The GSM (2G) life cycle – the regional cluster consolidated Is UMTS (3G) a major threat? Is ‘4G’ a major opportunity?

11. 11 Disruptive Technology S-curves for the established and disruptive technology