1. Photosynthesis & Cell Respiration
Chapters 8 & 9
Miss Colabelli
Biology CPA

2. Obtaining Energy Autotrophs Heterotrophs
Organisms that get their energy from the sun
Use photosynthesis to make ATP
Ex: plants
Heterotrophs
Organisms that get energy from eating foods
Ex: humans

3. Why is photosynthesis important?
Makes organic molecules out of inorganic molecules
Makes glucose (sugar) from sunlight
It begins ALL food chains and webs
Also provides oxygen gas to the atmosphere

4. Photosynthesis = “putting together with light”
Process that uses sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose
Plants use glucose as food
Autotrophs make glucose and heterotrophs are consumers of it

5. 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 Overview Light reactions Calvin Cycle
Two parts to photosynthesis
Light reactions
Require sunlight to occur
Creates ATP and NADPH (a different form of energy)
Also makes O2 as a byproduct
Calvin Cycle
Does not require sunlight
When CO2, ATP, and NADPH make glucose
6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

6. Chloroplasts Parts of the chloroplast Thylakoids Granum Stroma
Flattened sacs where reactions occur
Granum
A stack of thylakoids
Stroma
Space between the grana

7. Light Reactions
During light reactions, the plant’s _________________absorb the sunlight
First part of _________________
H2O + sunlight  O2
Occurs in the _________________ of the chloroplast

8. Light Reactions
When __________ is split during these reactions, oxygen gas is made as a _________________
The sunlight is used to break down the water and create ______and _________

9. Calvin Cycle Second part of _________________ CO2  ______________
Occurs in the _____________ of the chloroplast

10. Rate of Photosynthesis
__________factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis
____________intensity
_________ ____________ levels
____________

12. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP Cellular Respiration
Process that our cells use to break down food and create ______
Takes place in the ____________
Two Parts to Cellular Respiration (when ______ is present)
____________
____________ Respiration
Two parts to ____________(when O2 is not present)
____________(alcoholic or lactic acid)
C6H12O6 + 6O CO2 + 6H2O + ATP

13. Glycolysis
Process when glucose is broken down to make ____________ ____________, _______, and ____________
Takes place in the ____________
The pyruvic acid made can either go to _________________ or ____________ respiration
Depends if there is ____________ or not
If there is oxygen present  ____________ respiration
If oxygen is not present  ____________

14. Aerobic Respiration Occurs only in the presence of ____________
Happens in two stages
____________ cycle
____________ ____________ ____________
Occurs in _________________ ____________(cytoplasm in the mitochondria)

15. Krebs Cycle Named after scientist ______ ______
Process takes pyruvic acid and makes a molecule called ____________ _______ + ________
Also makes some _______ , _______, _______
These are the needed _______ for the electron transport chain

16. Electron Transport Chain
Uses products from the _______ _______ to make a lot of _______ for our cells
Occurs in the mitochondrial ______________ called _________
This process requires __________ in order to work

17. Fermentation Process that occurs if oxygen is _______ present
Pyruvic acid will be fixed to become _______ _______ or ___________ (depends on the organism)

18. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Occurs in our _______ as well as in some _____________ to help make yogurts and cheeses
In our bodies, lactic acid builds up as _______ __________

19. Alcoholic Fermentation
Occurs in organisms such as __________
This process creates ______ and __________ __________
If the CO2 is released, you make a __________ alcohol (wine)
If CO2 is not released, you make a __________ or __________ alcohol (champagne)

20. Comparing Photosynthesis & Respiration
Cellular Respiration
Function
Energy Breakdown
Location
Chloroplasts
Reactants
C6H12O6 and O2
Products
CO2 and H2O
Equation
6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2
6CO2 + 6H2O