1. Attachments and movements
Muscles
Attachments and movements

2. Muscles of Shoulder Girdle
Trapezius
Rhomboids
Serratus Anterior
Levator Scapulae
Pectoralis Minor

3. Trapezius
Proximal Attachments: Occipital Bone, Ligamentus Nuchae, Thoracic Vertebrae
Distal Attachments: Spine of Scapula, Distal posterior 1/3 of the scapula.
Movements: Elevation, Retraction, Depression, Upward Rotation

4. Rhomboids Proximal Attachment- c7-t5 of vertebrae
Distal Attachment- Vertebral (Medial Border of the scapula.
Movements: elevation, retraction, downward rotation.

5. Serratus Anterior
Proximal Attachment- the top of the back surface of the top nine ribs.
Distal Attachment- Vertebral Border of the scapula on the underside
Movements- upward rotation, protraction

6. Levator scapulae
Proximal Attachment- Transverse Process of the top 4 cervical vertebrae.
Distal Attachment- Superior angle of the scapula
Movements- Elevation of scapula, lateral flexion of the neck

7. Pectoralis Minor Proximal Attachment- 3-5th rib
Distal Attachment- corocoid process
Movements depression, downward rotation, protraction

8. Muscles of the Shoulder joint (Glenohumeral joint)
Anterior Deltoid
Medial Deltoid
Posterior Deltoid
Pectoralis Major
Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Rotator Cuff Muscles
InfraSpinatus
SupraSpinatus
Subscapularis
Teres Minor

9. Anterior Deltoid
Proximal Attachment-distal anterior 1/3 of the clavicle
Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity (humerus)
Movements: flexion, inward rotation, minor in horizontal adduction

10. Posterior Deltoid Proximal Attachment- spine of scapula
Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity
Movements: outward rotation, extension, horizontal abduction

11. Medial Deltoid Proximal Attachment- acromion process
Distal Attachment- deltoid tuberosity
Movements: abduction

12. Pectoralis Major Proximal Attachments- sternum, clavicle
Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
Movements: horizontal adduction, inward rotation, flexion.

13. Latissimus Dorsi
Proximal Attachment- crest of ilium via lumbosacral fascia, lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, all of lumbar vertebrae
Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
Movements: extension, inward rotation, adduction

14. Teres Major Proximal Attachment- inferior angle of the scapula
Distal Attachment- bicepital groove (humerus)
Movements: extension, inward rotation, adduction

15. Infraspinatus (rot.cuf.)
Proximal Attachment- infraspinus fossa
Distal Attachment- greater tubericle
Movements: outward rotation, horizontal abduction

16. Supraspinatus (rot.cuf.)
Proximal Attachment- supraspinus fossa
Distal Attachment- top of the greater tubericle
Movements: abduction

17. Subscapularis (rot.cuf.)
Proximal Attachment- subscapular fossa
Distal Attachment- lesser tubericle
Movements: medial rotation, horizontal adduction

18. Teres Minor (rot.cuf.)
Proximal Attachment- axillary (lateral) border of the scapula
Distal Attachment- greater tubericle
Movements: outward rotation, horizontal abduction

19. Muscles of the Elbow
Triceps
Biceps
Brachialis
Brachioradialis

20. Triceps
Proximal Attachment: (long head) underneath glenoid fossa, (lateral head) back of the humerus about an inch below the head of the humerus, back surface of the humerus.
Distal Attachment: ulecranon process
Movements: Elbow extension

21. Biceps
Proximal Attachment: On top of the glenoid fossa, corocoid process
Distal Attachment: radial tuberosity
Movements: Elbow flexion, forearm supination

22. brachialis Proximal Attachment: distal anterior 2/3 of the humerus
Distal Attachment: coronoid process (ulna)
Movements: Elbow flexion,

23. brachioradialis Proximal Attachment: supracondylar ridge of humerus
Distal Attachment: styloid process of the radius
Movements: elbow flexion, forearm pronation

24. Wrist Flexors Proximal Attachment: Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus
Distal Attachment: Carpals, and Metacarpals (Palm side)
Movements: Wrist flexion

25. Wrist Extensors Proximal Attachment: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Distal Attachment: dorsal surface of the carpals and metacarpals.
Movements: wrist extension, and wrist hyperextension

26. Muscles of the Hip Sartorius Rectus Femoris Psoas Illiacus
Tensor Fascia Latae
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus
Hip Adductor Muscles

27. Sartorius Proximal Attachment: Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity
Movements: Hip Flexion, Knee Flexion, Outward rotation, Abduction

28. Rectus Femoris Proximal Attachment: Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
Distal Attachment: Tibial Tuberosity
Movements: Hip Flexion, Knee Extension

29. Psoas Proximal Attachment: Anterior portion of all Lumbar Vertebrae
Distal Attachment: Lesser Trochanter of the Femur
Movements: Hip Flexion, Outward Rotation

30. Iliacus Proximal Attachment: Inside of the Ilium
Distal Attachment: Lesser trochanter of the Femur
Movements: Hip flexion, outward rotation, adduction

31. Tensor Fascia Latae
Proximal Attachment: Behind the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Distal Attachment: Lateral Tibia via the IT band
Movements: Stabilizes the IT Tract, Assists in Hip flexion and inward rotation.

32. Gluteus Maximus
Proximal Attachment: Crest of the Ilium, Lumbo- sacral fascia, Sacrum
Distal Attachment: Greater Trochanter of the Femur, IT Tract
Movements: Hip Extension, Outward Rotation

33. Gluteus Medius
Proximal Attachment: Crest of Ilium, Outside Fossa of the Ilium.
Distal Attachment: Anterior Portion of the Greater Trochanter
Movements: Abduction, Inward Rotation

34. Gluteus Minimus Proximal Attachment: Same as Medius
Distal Attachment: Same as Medius
Movements: Abduction, inward rotation.

35. Hip Adductors Proximal Attachment: Inferior Ramus
Distal Attachment: Lineaspera of the Femur
Movements: Adduction, Outward Rotation.

36. Muscles of the Knee Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis
Vastus Intermedius
Semitendinosis
Semimembranosis
Biceps Femoris
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Anterior Tibialis

37. Vastus Lateralis Proximal Attachment: linea aspera
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
Movements: knee extension

38. Vastus Medialis Proximal Attachment: linea aspera
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
Movements: knee extension

39. Vastus intermedius Proximal Attachment: upper anterior 2/3 of femur
Distal Attachment: tibial tuberosity
Movements: knee extension

40. semimembranosis Proximal Attachment: Ishial Tuberosity
Distal Attachment: Medial portion of tibial tuberosity (same as the sartorius)
Movements: Knee Flexion, hip extension, medial rotation

41. semitendinosis Proximal Attachment: Ishial Tuberosity
Distal Attachment: Medial tibia tuberosity
Movements: knee flexion, hip extension, medial rotation.

42. Biceps femoris
Proximal Attachment: Long Head- Ishial Tuberosity, Short Head- Linea aspera
Distal Attachment: Tibia, and lateral fibula
Movements: knee flexion, hip extension,

43. gastrocnemius
Proximal Attachment: back of femur (condyles of the knee)
Distal Attachment: Calcaneus
Movements: Plantarflexion, assists in knee flexion

44. soleus Proximal Attachment: Posterior tibia and fibula
Distal Attachment: calcaneus
(underneath the gastrocnemius
Movements: plantar flexion

45. Anterior tibialis Proximal Attachment: lateral tibia
Distal Attachment: top of the 1st metatarsal
Movements: dorsiflexion, inversion

46. Spinal Muscles Erector Spinae Abdominus Rectus Internal Obliques
External Obliques

47. Erector Spinae
Proximal Attachment: spinus and vertebral processes of the vertebrae
Distal Attachment: “ “, lumbosacral fascia
Movements: extension and hyperextension of the spine.

48. Abdominus Rectus Proximal Attachment: pelvis
Distal Attachment: costal cartilage of 5-7 ribs
Movements: flexion, lateral flexion

49. Internal Obliques Proximal Attachment: linea alba, lower 4 ribs
Distal Attachment: crest of the ilium, lumbosacral fascia, ingual ligament
Movements: rotation, flexion, lateral flexion

50. External obliques Proximal Attachment: bottom 8 ribs,
Distal Attachment: linea alba, and crest of the ilium
Movements: flexion, lateral flexion, rotation