1. Chpt 1 Test- pg #30
Microscope Lab #1 –pg 38
Epithelial Tissue Matching- Pg 40
Case Vignette: Brutus – Pg 41
Simple Epithelial Micro Lab- Pg 42
Stratified Epithelial Micro Lab – pg 43
Notebook Check-pg 44
Label pg 45 “Epithelial Tissue Quiz”
NO LOOSE PAPERS!!!!!!

2. Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 47 Topic: Ch
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 47 Topic: Ch. 5 Connective Tissue Essential Question: Describe the general characteristics and functions of Connective tissue. Make a tree map of the three major cell types (on top of pg 46) Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
Ch. 5 Connective Tissue
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
Describe the general characteristics and functions of Connective tissue. Make a tree map of the three major cell types

3. Connective Tissues: Comprise much of the body and are the most abundant type of tissue
Bind structures
provide support and protection
fill spaces
store fat
produce blood cells
protect against infection
help repair tissue damage

4. * Farther apart than epithelial tissue
C.T. has an extracellular matrix between tissue cells. This matrix consists of fibers and a ground substance whose consistency varies from fluid to semisolid to solid

5. Can usually divide and in most cases have a good blood supply and are well nourished
Bone/cartilage- rigid
Loose C.T. such as areolar, adipose, and dense C.T.- flexible

6. Connective Tissue: Major Cell Types
The fibroblast is the most common kind of fixed cell in CT.
Produce fibers by secreting protein. Stay in C.T. for extended periods of time

7. Macrophages originate as white blood cells
Macrophages originate as white blood cells. Usually attached to fibers, can detach and move. Scavenger cells.

8. Mast cells are large and widely distributed. Located near blood vessels.
Release heparin to prevent blood clotting and histamine to promote reactions to asthma and hay fever.

9. 5.1 Clinical Application Questions
What did scientists find when they looked beyond the collagens in the matrix?
What is the basement membrane composed of?
What happens if the balance of the components of the ECM are off?
Name and explain one of the three diseases that can result.

10. Ch. 5 Categories of Connective Tissue
Sponge: Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 49
Topic: Ch. 5 Connective Tissue
Essential Question:
Differentiate between loose connective tissue and dense tissue.
Distinguish between reticular and elastic connective tissue.
Don’t forget to add it to your T.O.Contents!
Ch. 5 Categories of Connective Tissue
2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules
Differentiate between loose connective tissue and dense tissue.
Distinguish between reticular and elastic connective tissue.

11. Connective Tissue: Fibers
Collagenous fibers are thick strands of collagen, which is the major structural protein of the body. Appear white.
flexible, can resist force
Ex: ligaments and tendons
Elastic fibers are bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin (a protein). Appear yellow. Can be stretched and deformed and will resume their shape
Weaker than collagenous fibers but more elastic.
Found in vocal cords and air passages. (Where elasticity is needed).

12. Categories of Connective Tissue
Loose connective tissue (areolar) forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body.
Cells are mainly widely scattered fibroblasts
separated by a gel-like ground substance that contains many collagenous and elastic fibers.
Binds skin to underlying organs and fills spaces between muscles. Also beneath epithelium.

13. Figure 05.18

15. Figure 05.18a
Loose (areolar) Connective Tissue

16. Adipose (fat) tissue Certain cells within CT store fat within their cytoplasm.
Cushions joints and some organs. Insulates beneath the skin.
Lies beneath the skin, between muscles, around the kidneys, in the abdomen, and around the heart.

17. Figure 05.19

19. Figure 05.19a
Adipose (fat) Connective Tissue

20. Reticular CT is composed of thin, collagenous fibers.
Supports the walls of the liver, spleen, and lymphatic organs.

21. Figure 05.20

22. Figure 05.20b

23. Figure 05.20a
Reticular Connective Tissue

24. Dense CT consists of closely packed, thick, collagenous fibers that can withstand pulling forces. Blood supply poor
Make up Tendons and ligaments

25. Figure 05.21

27. Dense Connective Tissue

28. Elastic CT consists mainly of yellow, elastic fibers.
Found in attachments between vertebrae and within the walls of the heart, larger arteries, and the larger airways.

29. Figure 05.22

30. Figure 05.22b

31. Elastic Connective Tissue

32. Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue
Cartilage is a rigid connective tissue. Largely composed of collagenous fibers in a gel-like ground substance.
Support, frameworks, attachments, protects underlying tissue, forms structural models for many developing bones.
Cartilage cells (chondrocytes) occupy chambers called lucunae.
Cartilage lacks a direct blood supply.

33. Connective Tissue Categories
Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage. Ends of bones, in the nose, and in respiratory passages.
An embryo’s skeleton begin as hyaline cartilage “models” that bone replaces.

34. Connective Tissue Categories
Elastic cartilage is very flexible. Contains many elastic fibers.
Ears and parts of the larynx.

35. Connective Tissue Categories
Fibrocartilage is very tough. Contains many collagenous fibers. Acts as a shock absorber.
Intervertebral disks.

36. Connective Tissue Categories
Bone is the most rigid connective tissue. Hardness is due to mineral salts (calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate). Also contains a large amount of collagen for toughness.
Bone supports, forms blood cells, and protects.
Bone matrix is deposited by osteocytes (bone cells), which form concentric patterns called an osteon.

37. Connective Tissue Categories
Blood is composed of cells suspended in a fluid called blood plasma.
Cells are red blood cells, white blood cells, and cellular fragments called platelets.
RBCs transport gases. WBCs fight infection. Platelets are involved in blood clotting.

38. Connective Tissues General characteristics - most abundant tissue type
many functions
bind structures
provide support and protection
serve as frameworks
fill spaces
store fat
produce blood cells
protect against infections
help repair tissue damage
have a matrix
have varying degrees of vascularity
have cells that usually divide

39. Connective Tissue Major Cell Types
Fibroblasts
fixed cell
most common cell
large, star-shaped
produce fibers
Macrophages
wandering cell
phagocytic
important in injury
or infection
Mast cells
fixed cell
release heparin
release histamine

40. Connective Tissue Fibers
Collagenous fibers
thick
composed of collagen
great tensile strength
abundant in dense CT
hold structures together
tendons, ligaments
Elastic fibers
bundles of microfibrils embedded in elastin
fibers branch
elastic
vocal cords, air passages
Reticular fibers
very thin collagenous fibers
highly branched
form supportive networks

41. Connective Tissues Connective tissue proper loose connective tissue
adipose tissue
reticular connective tissue
dense connective tissue
elastic connective tissue
Specialized connective tissue
cartilage
bone
blood

42. Connective Tissues Loose connective tissue Adipose tissue
mainly fibroblasts
fluid to gel-like matrix
collagenous fibers
elastic fibers
bind skin to structures
beneath most epithelia
blood vessels nourish
nearby epithelial cells
between muscles
Adipose tissue
adipocytes
cushions
insulates
store fats
beneath skin
behind eyeballs
around kidneys and heart

43. Connective Tissues Dense connective tissue Reticular connective tissue
composed of reticular fibers
supports internal organ walls
walls of liver, spleen, lymphatic organs
Dense connective tissue
packed collagenous fibers
elastic fibers
few fibroblasts
bind body parts together
tendons, ligaments, dermis
poor blood supply

44. Connective Tissues Elastic connective tissue Bone (Osseous Tissue)
abundant in elastic fibers
some collagenous fibers
fibroblasts
attachments between bones
walls of large arteries, airways, heart
Bone (Osseous Tissue)
solid matrix
supports
protects
forms blood cells
attachment for muscles
skeleton
osteocytes in lacunae

45. Connective Tissues Hyaline cartilage Cartilage Elastic cartilage
most abundant
ends of bones
nose, respiratory passages
embryonic skeleton
Cartilage
rigid matrix
chondrocytes in lacunae
poor blood supply
three types
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
flexible
external ear, larynx
Fibrocartilage
very tough
shock absorber
intervertebral discs
pads of knee and pelvic girdle

46. Connective Tissues Three types of cartilage Hyaline Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage

47. Connective Tissues Blood fluid matrix called plasma red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
transports
defends
involved in clotting
throughout body in blood vessels
heart