1. Paralleling Switchgear (PSG)
GE Zenith Capabilities - Overview

2. Currently ~ 150 systems/year
GE Zenith Controls – Paralleling Switchgear (PSG)
First system built in 1975
Currently ~ 150 systems/year
Currently building project #1280

3. Exit What is a Paralleling Switchgear System (PSG) ?
Controls and switchgear, acting as a system, to manage & distribute emergency power and/or reduce energy costs thru intelligent use of local generation
Genset #1
Genset #2
Genset #3
Utility
Breaker
Service Entrance Breaker
Paralleling Breaker
Paralleling Bus
Primary Source
(Normally Energized)
Normal
System
(Normally Energized)
Distribution Breakers
Emergency
System
(Normally De-energized)
ATS
Exit
Critical Loads

4. Increased Backup Power Supply Capacity
Key Benefits of PSG?
Increased Backup Power Supply Capacity
When backup supply needs are > capacity 1 Gen
Backup Supply Redundancy
Provides “N + 1,2,etc” redundancy. Critical loads not reliant on only 1 Genset
Operational Flexibility
Ability to switch loads between multiple sources (including Gensets) for maintenance & test without interrupting power to the loads
Reduced Energy Bills
Turn on-site generation capability into an money-saving Asset, with start/stop/loading intelligence for reduced energy & demand charges.

5. Single Genset – Single Utility Soft Load Transfer Switch
Typical Systems built by GE Zenith Controls
Single Genset – Single Utility Soft Load Transfer Switch
For small facility standby & distributed generation
Multiple-Genset Standby
For Life Safety or Business Critical standby power to selected high-priority loads.
Utility Paralleling, Peak Shaving
Paralleling of Generator(s) and Utility supplies for backup of entire facility and reduced energy charges.
Mission Critical Standby
Turning on-site generation capability into an Asset, with start/stop/loading intelligence for reduced energy & demand charges.

6. Examples of Typical GE Zenith Systems

7. Type 1 – Single Gen, Single Utility Soft Load Transfer Switch

8. Single Gen, Single Utility Architecture
Soft Load Transfer Switch
Single Gen, Single Utility Architecture
Utility
Supply
Building
Dist. System
Speed Control
Gen Supply
Breaker
Utility Supply
Breaker
Generator
GCB
MCB
Engine
(N/O)
(N/C)
Standby
Generator
Building
Load

9. Sequences of Operation – Softload Transfer Switch
Gen
Status:
Utility
Status:
Mode:
Normal
OFF
Energized.
kW Varies.
kW = Facility
Load
GCB
MCB
Genset/Backup
Supply
Utility/Primary
Supply
Critical
Load
Standby
Running.
kW Varies.
kW = Facility
Load
Failed/Off.
Soft
Re-Transfer
To Utility
Running.
Initial kW =
Facility Load
Final kW=
~10% Rated
Running.
Initial kW=
0kW
Final kW=
Facility Load kW kW
GCB
MCB

10. Sequences of Operation – Softload Transfer Switch
Gen
Status:
Utility
Status:
kW Level
Baseload
Setpoint
kW Level
Mode:
Time
Time
Base
Load
Mode
Running.
kW Fixed.
kW = Preset/
Fixed
(typically
80-100%
Genset
Capacity)
Energized.
kW Varies.
kW = Facility
Load in excess
Of Fixed
Gen kW
GCB
MCB kW kW kW
kW Level
Time
kW Level
kW Level
Energized.
kW Fixed.
kW = Fixed
Import or
Export
Level (kW)
Import
Setpoint
Import
(Export)
Mode
Running.
kW Varies.
kW = Facility
Load in excess
Of Import
Setpoint
Time
Time
GCB
MCB kW kW kW
kW Level
Time

11. Control Panel – Softload Transfer Switch
Generator & Utility Protection via:
GE Multilin G30 ™
LAN/
WAN
Peak Shaving Control via:
Woodward GCP-32 ™
Peak Shaving Controller communications via:
Woodward GW4 ™ (Modbus)
Local Monitoring and Alarm transmission via:
Enervista Viewpoint Monitoring ™
Plus:
Manual Control Switches
Safety Lockout/86 Relay
LED Status Annunciation

12. Site Level: Peak Shave System Metering
Meter #1: Utility Meter (UM) : Utility Supply kW, Energy, etc.
Meter #2: Generator Meter (GM) : Generator Supply kW, Energy, etc.
Virtual Meter #1: Load Meter (LM = GM + UM) {Developed in GE Aggregator ™}
Peak Shaving Savings = (LM * Rate Structure) – (UM * Rate Structure)
GE Multilin G30 Relay
Meter #1:
Generator
Source
Metering
(GM)
Meter #2:
Utility
Source
Metering
(UM)
V (PT’S)
V (PT’S)
3 CT’s
3 CT’S
Closed Transition
ATS or 5-cycle CB’s
Utility
Supply
GCB
MCB
Engine
Generator
Genset
Supply
Critical
Load

13. 1 2 4 3 Peak Shave Savings Reports – GE Aggregator™
Setup Utility billing structure
Export reports for printing, sending, or filing 2
Setup custom site bills (showing usage or savings) 4
Enter Begin & End dates & create/ view bills 3

14. Local & Remote Access to Reports
LEVEL 4: Enterprise Energy Aggregator™ Viewers (Up to 5 concurrent users)
Web Server
View reports from EEA.
“Aggregates”, or combines date from from the (6) REA servers.
LEVEL 3: Enterprise Energy Aggregator™ (EEA)
(Qty. 1) …
LEVEL 2: Regional Energy Aggregator™ (REA)
(1 Server/~100 Sites)
Est. (6) REA’s for full 630-site configuration
Up to
~ 100 Sites
per Aggregator
Upload Data-Logs
LAN or VPN
Local data-logging by Multilin G30’s
Site Level Site Peak Shaving Control Systems w/ local GE Enervista Viewpoint™
Unlimited # Sites
GE Zenith ZTSSL
GE Zenith ZTSSL

15. GE Zenith Design Recommendations
True PQ Metering of Both Sources, including Waveform and Events Capture – for quick diagnosis of system events and outages
Utility grade protective relaying for equipment and personnel safety - – due to extended nature of utility paralleling.
Open protocol Modbus communications for easy facility integration
Plug-and-Play PC Monitoring for low cost, but effective system monitoring and alarm management, including automatic generation of any/all alarm events
Key-lockable Control Switches for safety
Automatic report generation for: Utility and Generator Energy supply (kWH), Demand (kW), and Peak Shave savings (based on site-specific utility rate structure).

16. Type 2 – Multiple Genset Standby

17.  Exit Multiple Genset Standby Typical Architecture Genset #1
Primary Distribution
Paralleling Bus
Secondary Distribution
Emergency Loads
Emergency
Panelboard
Exit
ATS

18. Synchronous Conditions
Typical Sequence of Operation for PSG – On loss of Utility X
Genset #1
Genset #2
Synchronous Conditions 1
1) Volts within
+/- 10%
2) Phase within +/- 20 Deg 2
Paralleling Bus
ATS 1
PSG Controls synchronize 2nd and 3rd Gensets to Bus (speed and volts bias to Gen Gov & AVR), and close CB’s at point of synchonism (see above).
Utility Supply Fails 5 2
ATS Send start signal to all Gens 6
PSG Controls remove xfer inhibits on lower priority ATS to permit connection to Gen system. 3
All Gens start. PSG control system monitors. 1st Gen at rated Volts & Freq is connected to the Paralleling Bus.
PSG Controls shed low priority ATS if Gens are overloaded. PSG permits manual or auto re-connect. 7 4
Priority 1 ATS Xfer to Gens. PSG inhibits xfer of lower priority ATS to prevent Gen overload. 8
PSG Controls shed low priority ATS if Gens are overloaded. PSG permits manual or auto re-connect.

19. Typical Sequence of Operation for PSG – On Return of Utility
Genset #1
Genset #2
Paralleling Bus
ATS 1 4
PSG controls hold start signal to all Gens to permit cooldown at no load.
Utility Supply Returns 2
ATS’s retransfer loads to Utility, after preset time delays, and remote start commands. 5
After cooldown timer expires, PSG controls remove start signals to Gensets. 3
When last ATS removes start command, PSG Controls open all Gen CB’s 6
Gensets shut down and remain ready for next utility outage.

20. Typical GE Zenith Configuration
Other key items (inside)
GE Fanuc PLC (Single or Redundant)
Flexible Woodward SPMA (sync) and LSM (load Sharing) modules
Hardwired backup switches for load add/shed
Backup 24 VDC power supply for system ride-thru on DC control power problems
Key Items – GE Recommendation
Highly visible, LED Annunciation for instant viewing and viewing from distance
Full manual paralleling control switches (Auto/Manual, Sync Switch, CB Open/close, Synchroscope/V/Hz meters on swing panel)
Generator Analog Metering for best viewing of Gen & Utility stability
Generator Protective Relay (typically Utility grade for MV, Industrial grade for LV)
Totalizing Power Quality Meter (PQM) with waveform & diagnostic capability
Simple Operator Interface Panel (OIP) for setup of time delays, load add/shed, etc.

21. Type 3 – Utility Paralleling, Peak Shaving

22. Utility Paralleling, Peak Shaving
Typical Architecture
Generators sized to high% of total facility loads
Utility CB and Gen CB’s act as a “Transfer Switch”, switching 2 sources of power to main bus in event of Utility outage.
Re-transfer to utility either Open or Closed Transition (typically closed)
Main bus is fed from 2 sources power – utility supply (primary) and generator supply (backup)
Bus AIC/Short circuit rating sized to capacity of utility + all Gensets.
Utility Supply
Genset
Breakers
Feeder Breakers
Main Bus
Facility Loads

23. Utility Paralleling - Base Loading
Genset Base Load:
Utility kW Level 1
Baseload
Setpoint
Utility Supply Available
Time kW
Gen kW Level
Utility Supply 2
When pre-programmed conditions for Genset starting satisfied (Utility load >x, time of day, etc) PSG Controls start Gensets, synchonize to utility supply, and close Gen CB’s. kW
Time
GCB kW 3
PSG system controls kW on Gensets to fixed, base load level.
GCB 4
As system load varies, Utility supply kW varies to supply the load. kW 5
When Gen supply no longer needed, PSG Controls slowly ramp load back to utility supply and open Gen CB;s at near no-load. kW
Load kW Level 5
PSG controls cooldown and shutdown Gensets.
Time

24. Utility Import/Export:
Utility Paralleling - Import/Export
Utility Import/Export:
Baseload
Setpoint
Utility kW Level 1
Utility Supply Available
Time
Gen kW Level
MCB 2
When pre-programmed conditions for Genset starting satisfied (Utility load >x, time of day, etc) PSG Controls start Gensets, synchonize to utility supply, and close Gen CB’s. kW
Time
GCB kW 3
PSG system controls kW on Gensets to maintain fixed kW value on Utility supply (import or export).
GCB 4
As system load varies, Genset supply kW varies to supply the load. kW 5
When Gen supply no longer needed, PSG Controls slowly ramp load back to utility supply and open Gen CB;s at near no-load. kW
Load kW Level
Time 5
PSG controls cooldown and shutdown Gensets.

25. Typical GE Zenith Configuration
Other key items (inside)
GE Fanuc PLC (Single or Redundant)
Flexible Woodward SPMA (sync) and LSM (load Sharing) modules
Hardwired backup switches for load add/shed
Backup 24 VDC power supply for system ride-thru on DC control power problems
Key Items – GE Recommendation
Highly visible, LED Annunciation for instant viewing and viewing from distance
Full manual paralleling control switches (Auto/Manual, Sync Switch, CB Open/close, Synchroscope/V/Hz meters on swing panel)
Full, Open transition, manual control of Utility CB
Generator Analog Metering for best viewing of Gen & Utility stability
Generator Protective Relay (Utility grade)
Totalizing Power Quality Meter (PQM) with waveform & diagnostic capability
Industrial Computer with graphical 1-lines, load controls, trending, alarm management.

26. Type 4 – Mission Critical Standby

27. Mission Critical Standby
Typical Architecture – Tier 4 Data Center
System ‘A’ Gen Bus
System ‘B’ Gen Bus
System ‘A’
Utility Bus
System ‘B’
Utility Bus
Util A
Gen A
Gen B
Util B
Unit Subs
Unit Subs
Util A
Gen B
Unit Subs
Gen A
Util B
Unit Subs
Complete system redundancy – Tier 4 classification
100% Backup Generator N+1 capacity
2 x Independent Gen Paralleling systems, each capable of 100% backup & control of other system (GE Zenith-Fanuc unique design for Quadruple redundancy!

28. Typical GE Zenith Configuration
Util ‘A
Util ‘B’
Gen ‘A’
Gen ‘B’
Key Items – GE Recommendation
Full Manual backup, visible LEDs, Utility Grade relaying, PQ Metering
Synchronized-backup PLC each Gen System (2 x PLC each Gen system)
Gen System Graphical Display, + large monitor each system for display downstream load status
Each System Master control capable backup of other system

29. ZDEC 2020