1. Vacuum Tower chaperter13

2. Introduction 原料：常压塔塔底出料 产品：润滑油， FCCU 原 料油 操作条件： 闪蒸温度： 380-415 ℃ 压力： 7-14kPa

3. Analytical Strategies whywhathow PhenomenonReasonSolution

4. Common Troubles Bottoms Pump NPSH Ejector Problems Black Gas Oil Light Resid 1 1 3 3 5 5 6 6 Introduction Transfer-Line Failures 2 2 4 4 7 7 8 8 High Flash-Zone Pressure Excessive Production of Trim Gas Oil Low Pumparound Draw Temperatures 9 9 Projects to Improve Gas Oil Recovery

5. 1.Bottoms Pump NPSH

12. 2.High Flash-Zone Pressure

17. 3.Ejector Problems

20. CO ， CO 2 ， O 2

21. 3.Ejector Problems F~(D 2 )*(P 1 ) F=Stream flow D=Nozzle ID P 1 =Motive steam,absolute pressure

22. 3.Ejector Problems

25. 4.Black Gas Oil

27. 5.Excessive Production of TGO

29. 6.Low Pumparound Draw Temperature

31. 7.Light Resid

33. 8.Transfer-Line Failures

35. 9.Projects to Improve Gas-oil Recovery

36. Treating liquid hydrocarbons chaperter14

37. Introduction

38. Common Troubles Carry-Over problems Vertical Wash Tower 1 1 3 3 Introduction 2 2 4 4 5 5 Correcting Inadequate Treating Excessive Production of Trim Gas Oil Low Pumparound Draw Temperatures 6 6 Projects to Improve Gas Oil Recovery

39. 1.Carry-Over Problems

44. 2.Correcting Inadequate Treating

46. 3.Vertical Wash Tower

49. Vocabulary  Coke 焦化 suction screen 吸入滤网  gland oil 轻质润滑油 resid 渣油  thermal cracking 热裂解 plug 堵塞  flange 法兰 cavitation 空穴  gas oil 柴油 flash zone 闪蒸区域  mercury-filled 水银柱式  demister 除雾器 manometer 压力计  gauge 计量器 trim gas oil 修剪油气  ejector （ jet ） 喷射器 tail gas 废气

50. Vocabulary  clearance 空隙 caliper 卡尺  throttle 节流阀 FCCU 催化裂化装置  dislodge 驱逐，离开原位 HVGO 重真空油  LVGO 轻真空油 trapout 受液盘  naphtha 石脑油 heater pass 加热旁通管  turbine 涡轮 backflush 逆流，回洗  pumparound 泵送系统 wash oil 洗油  mercaptans 硫醇 caustic 腐蚀剂  malfunction 失灵 effluent 污水  settler 沉淀器 residence time 停留时间

51. Vocabulary  butylenes 丁烯 impeller 叶轮  steam tracing 蒸汽伴热 acetate 醋酸盐  Lead acetate paper 乙酸铅试纸  depropanizer 脱丙烷塔  spray heater 喷雾加热器  Overflow 液泛，溢出  rotometer 旋转流量计  propane 丙烷 emulsify 乳化

52. 电脱盐