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Published byKarson Lum Modified over 10 years ago
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Sedimentary Rocks
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Sediments (notes) Bits of rock and soil which have been broken down from larger rocks. Sediments are “glued” together to form sedimentary rocks.
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Sediments (notes) Boulders Cobbles Pebbles Sand Silt Clay Largest Smallest
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Types (notes) Clastic – Inorganic pieces cemented together Bioclastic – Organic pieces (shells, plant remains) cemented together. Crystalline – Formed from evaporites
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How to make a clastic sedimentary rock. (notes) Step 1: Layers of sediment are deposited by air, water, or ice. Step 2: Over millions of years, as the layers are buried under more sediment, the weight pressing down on the layers squeezes all water out. Step 3: As the water disappears, the particles are cemented together by salt.
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How to make a clastic sedimentary rock (notes) This process is known as Compaction and Cementation
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How to make a crystalline sedimentary rock (notes) Water carries a lot of dissolved particles (i.e. salt) As the water evaporates it leaves behind the dissolved particles. These particles become cemented together to form a solid rock (i.e. rock salt)
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What they look like (notes) Sedimentary rocks look similar to the sediments that made them.
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Sandstone (notes) Formed from layers of sand from deserts, sand dunes and beaches
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Limestone (notes) Formed from the crushed shells of animals living in warm shallow seas. Mostly calcite Bubbles with acid
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Shale (notes) Formed from clay which has settled in calm lakes and estuaries, and oceans.
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Conglomerates (notes) Contains pebbles set in a cement of finer particles. Formed from riverbeds and beaches
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