1. Sedimentary rocks Formed in seas and lakes

2. Formation  Rock materials  Derived from weathering and erosion  Are transported by river / wind  And later deposited (sedimentation)  Under the pressure of the overlying sediment  These materials are hardened into solid rock

3. Characteristics of sedimentary rocks  Non-crystalline  Stratified (layered)  Bedding planes between rock strata  May contain fossil

4. Conglomerate

5. Characteristics  Rock containing rounded pebbles  they are cemented by fine groundmass  It is more resistant  Their outcrop across stream beds may produce waterfalls and rapids

6. Breccia

7. Characteristics  The rock contains angular fragments

8. Breccia – Ap Chau

9. Folding in sedimentary rocks

11. Ammonite fossil

12. Sandstone

14. Characteristics  Sand grains are cemented  Deposited farther away from the coast  Less resistant than conglomerate and breccia

15. Siltstone

16. Stratification in shale e.g.Tung Ping Chau

17. Siltstone layer being eroded to form a sea arch, Tai O.

18. Characteristics  Very fine sediment of silt and mud is deposited and cemented together on sea floor far away from coast  Made up of numerous thin layers (stratified structure)  It is not resistant to weathering and erosion

19. Cross-bedding in siltstone

20. Faulting in siltstone

21. Igneous rocks - Volcanic rocks Ash, pyroclasts and lava flows

22. Flowlines in rhyolite

23. Columnar jointing due to cooling of lava - rhyolite

25. Coarse tuff

26. Characteristics  Ash and pyroclastic materials ejected during volcanic eruption  Presence of volcanic bombs

27. Volcanic bombs

28. Igneous rocks - Hypabyssal rocks In sills and dykes

29. Dolerite dyke

30. Dolerite

31. Feldspar porphyry

33. Igneous rocks In batholith

34. 3 sets of joints in granite

35. Granite

36. Badland landscape