1. Sedimentary Rock Formation EQ: How do I identify sedimentary rocks?

2. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments that have been weathered, eroded and then deposited become compacted and cemented together. Vocabulary Help 1. sediments-small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things. 2. weathering-wearing away or breaking down into smaller and smaller pieces 3. erosion-moving, transporting, or carrying away sediments to another place (caused mostly by wind, water, or ice) 4. deposition-place of settling 5. compaction-pressing or pushing down (caused by pressure from layers of sediments above and the weight of the water) 6. cementation-stick together and harden Sedimentary Rock Simulation

3. Compaction Cementation (Crystallization)

4. Common Characteristics most are found on the exposed surface of Earth stratification - visible layers with oldest layer usually found on bottom may contain fossils Many form underwater May have ripple marks

5. TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 1.Detrital -forms from broken fragments of other rocks -grouped by size of particles

6. Examples of Detrital Sedimentary Rocks Conglomerate-large rounded sediments Breccia-large sharp or jagged sediments

7. Examples of Detrital Sedimentary Rocks Sandstone-sand size particles Siltstone-silt sized particles Shale-tiny particles of clay or mud

8. Found in the Real World Sandstone

9. TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 2. Chemical -forms from dissolved minerals that crystallize -sea or lake water evaporates leaving minerals behind that crystallize together -ex. limestone rock salt

10. TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 3. Organic -forms from the remains of once-living things -often contains fossils

11. Examples of Organic Sedimentary Rocks coquina-rock completely made of shell fragments chalk-made of microscopic shells coal (used for energy)- forms when pieces of dead plants are buried under other sediments in swamps over a period of millions of years

12. And the rock cycle continues… Sedimentary rock an be uplifted and exposed to the surface-possibly as parts of mountains only to be worn away again by weathering and erosion