1. Sedimentary Rocks The most common rocks on Earth’s surface!

2. rocks formed from the lithification (compaction + cementation) of previously existing sediments

3. Processes from the Rock Cycle lithification: to harden and form rock

4. crystallization: solidification of dissolved minerals from solution

5. Types of Sedimentary Rocks depends upon what they’re made of… 1.Clastic (LARGEST GROUP): fragments of other rocks 2.Chemical: dissolved minerals 3.Biochemical: parts from living things that weren’t actually alive (shells) 4.Organic: remains of once living things (plants, tissue, etc.)

6. Clastic Sediments= Fragments of pre-existing rock

7. Sediments from here

8. Sand Bar

9. Gravel Bar

10. Tallus Pile

11. Glacial Sediment

12. Classification of Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Classified 2 ways: 1.Sediment size larger the size, the more immature, shorter distance traveled 2.Sediment shape more jagged the shape, the more immature, shorter the distance traveled

13. Grain Size

14. Sorting of Sediments based upon the size and shape Very Poorly SortedVery Well Sorted

15. Are these well sorted or poorly sorted??

18. Common Clastic Rocks 1. Conglomerate 2. Breccia 3. Sandstone Siltstone 4. Shale Sediment

19. Jagged Clastic Sediments

21. Rounded Clastic Sediments

22. Conglomerate

23. Chemical Sedimentary Rocks water dissolves minerals in pre-existing rocks & then evaporates EXAMPLES: 1.rock salt 2.gypsum

28. Biochemical Rocks: non-living remains of plants and animals; EX- Coquina

29. Organic Rocks: remains of the living tissues of plants and animals; EX: Peat & Coal

30. Organic Sedimentary Rocks- Coal Swamp

31. Features of Sedimentary Rocks 1.Strata: sediment layers or beds 2.Geodes: hollow rock filled with silica from groundwater, forms crystals 3.Graded Bedding: deposits sorted according to size 4.Cross Bedding: movement of sand dunes 5.Ripple Marks: from water flow 6.Mud Cracks: rapid evaporation of clay 7.Fossils: remains from plants or animals

35. Geodes

37. Graded Bedding

39. Cross-Bedding Bedding Planes not Parallel

41. Ripple Marks Beach River

45. MudcracksMudcracks

46. Mud Cracks

47. Fossils: Molds

48. Fossils: Casts