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Published byAmani Leftwich Modified over 9 years ago
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Rocks And Minerals Benchmark Review
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What is a Mineral? Solid Inorganic Naturally Occurring Crystal Structure Definite Chemical Composition Over 4,000 minerals discovered! Each have a unique arrangement of atoms
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Ore A mineral that contains important elements including metals. Extracted through processes. One common known process is Smelting. Gem A precious or semiprecious stone when cut and polished or engraved.
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Properties of Minerals Crystal Structure Cleavage vs. Fracture Color Streak and Luster Hardness Special properties Reaction with Acid Specific Gravity Magnetism Taste
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ROCKS!!!!!
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IGNEOUS ROCKS Formed from volcanic activity The cooling of Magma/Lava Intrusive Extrusive Hardening of magma Slow cooling Produces large crystals Coarse grained texture(rough) Hardening of Lava Fast cooling Produces small crystals Fine grained texture(smooth) Obsidian Granite
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Sedimentary Rock Erosion Deposition Compaction Cementation
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Detrital Organic Chemical 3 sedimentary rock types Sed. Rocks *Sm or Lg particles (Smooth or Rough) Ex. Shale, Sandstone Sed. Living *Depends on what sed’s come from (smooth or rough) Ex. Coal, Limestone Evap H 2 0 Crystallization *Depends on Crystal size (Cooling Rate) Ex. Rock Salt, Gypsum
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Fossils Plant or animal remains left over in a rock. Only found in sedimentary rocks Would melt or burn in igneous or metamorphic rocks
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Metamorphic Rock Igneous and Sedimentary rocks undergo Heat, and Pressure to “Morph” into a metamorphic rock. Foliated Grains in rocks are arranged in parallel layers Distinct pattern “Bands of colors” Non-Foliated Grains in rocks are arranged randomly No distinct pattern or layers Ex. GneissEx. Soapstone
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The Rock Cycle
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GOOD LUCK!!!! STUDY!!!!
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