1. Making cement with fly ash in a microwave BY: Hidy, Emmeline, Dylan, Connor, Stuart

2. What is FLY ASH?  Industrial waste through coal combustion  Can be poisonous  100 million tons per year  collected through 1) static electricity 2) Cyclone 3) Vacuum

3. What is cement?  Fine powder made up of calcined lime and clay  Calcine def. - To heat a substance to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point  Main ingredient for concrete, mortar and plaster

4. Why make cement from fly ash?  Pozzolan  Substance that is added to CaOH and water at room temperature to form a concrete like compound  When added to concrete mix, less water is needed  Economic benefits  Its “green”  You get paid  Creates hydraulic cement

5. Limestone vs. Lime LimestoneLime CF (Chemical formula) CaCO3CaOH2 ColorGrayWhite Temperature21 C825 C

6. Pozzolanic  Roman cement  Parthenon  Type F Fly ash + lime  Heat lime stone untill it turns white at 825 degrees C  Combine  Then add sand and water Pozzolanic with 1/2 water Pozzolanic with full water

7. Portland (Alite)BeliteControl Fly Ash 100g Limestone 185g50g (lime) Sand 285g410g Water 150g Temp 1400 C325 C21 C Control PortlandBelite Our Samples:

8. General  Add sand, water  Mixing  Tamping  Put in molds to set

9. Results: BeliteControl (Belite) PortlandPozzolanic (1/2) Pozzolanic Set?Set very hard noSet partially Solid stateSoft set Predicted Success? yesnoyes no Control Portland Belite Pozzolanic with 1/2 water Pozzolanic

10. The business Is it economic? Limestone: 25$ per ton Fly ash: -20$ per ton *Math* 220KWH per ton (with.8 efficiency) -> 22$ per ton in energy costs Conventional concrete is 50$ a ton The space: 1000$/m 30 tons a day 1.11$ per ton for the space Labor: 3 people, 8 hours a day each. 12$ an hour. 30 tons a day -> 9.6$ per ton Total = 14.78 profit per ton! Sell it for 49.99$ a ton

11. equipmenttransportationquality

12. Comments or Questions?