1. African Tribalism

2. How people are related in traditional African society? Kinship: means a relationship that binds two or more individuals 1.Blood relative 2.Marriage

3. Lineage Means line of descent or family tree

4. Patriarchal: Male-Dominated society very common in African tribes

5. Matriarchal: female Dominated society uncommon

6. Definitions Tribe- group of people that share language, customs, traditions, geographic location Clan- group of related families Extended family- parents, children, aunts, uncles, cousins, grandparents (common in Africa) Nuclear family- parents and children (not common in Africa )

7. Marriage customs Many traditional African societies are polygamous Polygamy: having more than one spouse –Men may only have multiple wives if he can support them Bridewealth- payment a man gives a woman’s family before marriage (land, cattle, cloth, tools) Dowry- payment a woman’s family before marriage (land, cattle, cloth, tools) Some tribes allow divorce, some do not

8. Age Set Group of boys or girls born in the same year Go through rituals together Transition into adulthood together i.e. Manhood initiation Circumcision ceremony for boys Scarification- ritual markings for tribe

9. Religion Animism = belief in the existence of spirits in all living things; Everything in nature has a spirit - Traditional African religion Ancestor worship- tribes worship and honor spirits of their shared ancestors

10. TRIBE CLAN ACLAN B CLAN C Family

11. You!

12. Family You Nuclear vs. extended

13. Clan you Family Clan Share common ancestor Common property/land Vary in size Share customs & language Know everyone Has symbols Age set Support system/ Work together Communal living

14. Clan you Family Clan Tribe Vary in size Common customs & language Thousands in Africa Share land Live in 1 region Little movement/ Protect area Won’t know everyone Symbols to identify Loyalty to tribe NOT country Causing conflict in Modern day Africa polygamous animism Hunter-gather

18. 1000 different languages; 1000+ different tribes

19. Conclusions: Regionalism or tribalism NOT nationalism Tribes see tribe as more important than individual and country

20. Problems of Tribalism Today 1. The tribe is more important than the nation. 2. Communication problems. 3. Inter-tribal warfare --> civil wars. 4. Tribal favorites for government jobs: Urbanization: Breaks down tribal traditions. Tribal intermingling on the job.

21. Zulu

22. Masai

32. Ashanti