1. Native Americans in South Carolina
3-2.1: Compare the culture, governance, and physical environment of the major Native American tribal groups of South Carolina, including the Cherokee, Catawba, and Yemassee.

2. Vocabulary
Dugout canoes: a type of boat that was made by softening the inside wood of a tree and hollowing it out. In essence, they “dug out” the wood for the canoe.

3. Vocabulary
Longhouses: homes that were made for the spring and summer months. Was spread out so the N/A could stay cool.

4. Vocabulary
Wattle and Daub: homes that were made for the fall and winter months. It was smaller and sealed with mud.

5. Vocabulary
Wigwams: Sometimes they are known as birchbark houses. Wigwams are small houses, usually 8-10 feet tall.

6. Vocabulary
Pots, dishes, and other articles made of earthenware or baked clay.

7. Vocabulary
Encroach: to gradually intrude on someone’s rights or possessions.

8. Where are the Native American Tribes Located?

9. Cherokee Culture Villages were loosely united with each other
Travelled from village to village in their large dugout canoes.
Were hunters / gatherers / farmers / and fishers
Thought of themselves as the “Real People” and were very powerful
Lived in longhouses during the summer and wattle and daub houses in the winter.

10. Cherokee Government
Villages were run by a council of both men and women
Different parts of the council made the decisions
The leaders were elected
There was a form of a constitution
Women had a part in the government; they decided if the tribe went to war

11. Cherokee Location
Lived in the mountains of the Blue Ridge and western hills of the Piedmont
Settled near rivers
The Cherokee had a well traveled trading path that lead from the mountains to the Atlantic Ocean because they were traders

12. Cherokee Physical Environment
Now that you know where the Cherokee people lived, describe their physical environment.
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13. Catawba Culture Farming – Corn, beans, and squash
Fishing – Variety of freshwater fish
Hunting – Deer, other game
The Catawba traveled the rivers in dugout canoes and were known as “River People.”
They were famous for their pottery and were more peaceful than many Native Americans of that time in South Carolina.
Hernando de Soto, the Spanish explorer, made first contact with the Catawba in When Europeans began settling in the Carolina Piedmont, the Catawba remained friendly
Lived in wigwams.

14. Catawba Government Were governed by councils
Women also participated in the running of their tribe’s government
The people were elected into power

15. Catawba Location The Catawba lived off the land of the Piedmont.
They were powerful in their part of the state, near where Rock Hill is today.
Most Catawba people still live in South Carolina today, although others were forced to move to Oklahoma along with the Cherokees in the 1800's.

16. Catawba Physical Environment
Now that you know where the Catawba people lived, describe their physical environment.
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Catawba Physical Environment

17. Yemassee Culture
They lived in wigwams close to the coast in the summer.
They moved inland into wattle and daub houses along the rivers during the winter.
The Yemassee hunted / fished / and gathered clams and oysters.

18. Yemassee Government No mention of the government is made!
What do you think it could be like? Why?

19. Yemassee Location
The Yemassee lived in the coastal zone on the southern coast of South Carolina near the Georgia border.

20. Yemassee Physical Environment
Now that you know where the Catawba people lived, describe their physical environment.
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