1. Bell Ringer Germany’s policy of ___________ ___________ ____________ led to the sinking of the Lusitania. Germany’s policy of ___________ ___________ ____________ led to the sinking of the Lusitania. What did Vladimir Lenin promise the Russian people? What did Vladimir Lenin promise the Russian people? What country did Russia become? What country did Russia become?

2. The End of World War I “The war to end all wars”

3. NEXT TIME/SOON: Complete unit vocabulary and all HW assignments We will… You will be able to… Explain the end of WWI and the provisions and impact sof the Treaty of Versailles. Today in class… Language Social Studies Define: Armistice, Mandate, Reparation, Self-determination, League of Nations Describe how the War ended without a clear-cut, knockout blow by either side. Recognize Wilson’s 14 Points and explain their importance. Explain the major provisions of the Treaty of Versailles and judge its fairness and effectiveness.

4. Looking ahead …. Mon-Tues next week will be a review day! Mon-Tues next week will be a review day! However…. if we have a snow day, then you will have the Imperialism, WWI, Russian Revolution test the next time we see each other! You will be able to use your study guide on the test!

5. Armistice Agreement to stop fighting

6. Mandate Land that was surrendered by Germany and Turkey that was put under the control of another country and watched over by the League of Nations

7. Reparations When a country that loses a war pays money or materials to the countries that won the war

8. Self-determination People should be free to decide what form of government they want to have

9. League of Nations International organization started after WWI with the goal of keeping world peace

10. Central Powers Crumble July 1918: Allies and Germans clashed in the Second Battle of the Marne on the Western Front. July 1918: Allies and Germans clashed in the Second Battle of the Marne on the Western Front. –Allies had 350 tanks, 2 million Americans steadily advanced to Germany

11. Central Powers Crumble Bulgaria surrenders Bulgaria surrenders Ottoman Turks surrender Ottoman Turks surrender Revolution in Austria-Hungary Revolution in Austria-Hungary What two empires are coming to an end?

12. Germany Soldiers mutiny and the public turned on the Kaiser Soldiers mutiny and the public turned on the Kaiser Kaiser Wilhelm II was forced to step down. Kaiser Wilhelm II was forced to step down. Germany was declared a republic. Germany was declared a republic.

14. Armistice Armistice was signed in a railway car in a forest near Paris. Armistice was signed in a railway car in a forest near Paris. On November 11, 1918: World War I came to an end. On November 11, 1918: World War I came to an end.

15. Armistice Day is marked every year in Europe on the "eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month" by two minutes of silence.

16. Wilson’s Fourteen Points U.S. President Woodrow Wilson came up with a peace plan that he believed would bring stability to Europe. U.S. President Woodrow Wilson came up with a peace plan that he believed would bring stability to Europe. Known as the “Fourteen Points” Known as the “Fourteen Points”

17. Think/Pair/Share Read through SOME of Wilson’s 14 Points. Read through SOME of Wilson’s 14 Points. Below each point, write how it directly relates to the MAIN causes of WWI. Below each point, write how it directly relates to the MAIN causes of WWI.

18. 1) Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understanding of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. 1) Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understanding of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. 2) Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants. 4) Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments (weapons) will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.

19. 7) Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. 8) All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all.

20. 14) A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike....

21. Germany expected a treaty based on these 14 points. However, the French thought the plan was too easy Germany. The Germans were not invited to Paris to negotiate the Treaty of Versailles. Germany had no say in the making of the peace treaty. Although Germany complained about the harshness of the Treaty of Versailles, in the end Germany had no choice but to sign the document.

22. Treaty of Versailles Meeting: Paris Peace Conference Meeting: Paris Peace Conference Treaty: Treaty of Versailles Treaty: Treaty of Versailles Attendants: Woodrow Wilson (U.S.), Georges Clemenceau (France), Lloyd George (Great Britain), Premier Orlando (Italy) Attendants: Woodrow Wilson (U.S.), Georges Clemenceau (France), Lloyd George (Great Britain), Premier Orlando (Italy) When: January 1919 When: January 1919

23. The Big Four After Signing Paris, 1919 Which country is not a member of the Big Four?

25. YouTube - Make Germany Pay - The Big 3 YouTube - Make Germany Pay - The Big 3 YouTube - Make Germany Pay - The Big 3 YouTube - Make Germany Pay - The Big 3 4 min. 4 min.

26. Treaty of Versailles Skit and Questions Skit and Questions