1. Over There and Over Here: The Impact of World War I, 1914 - 1921
POWERPOINT 22
Over There and Over Here: The
Impact of World War I,

2. Staying Neutral in a World Conflict
In mid-term elections, Republicans pick up seats but Democrats maintain control
Neutrality is hard to maintain with many Americans choosing sides
Germany’s actions turn America toward Britain
Lusitania
Arabic
Americans debate their nation’s role in world affairs and the country’s preparedness
League to Enforce Peace

3. Europe Goes to War

4. Social Change During the Period of Neutrality
Birth of a Nation
Guinn v. United States
Great Migration
Blacks lured by defense jobs, face discrimination
Motion pictures become part of U.S. society
Charlie Chaplin and Mary Pickford
Sexual attitudes undergo change
Divorce rate rises
Flappers
Margaret Sanger

5. The Persistence of Reform
Wilson increases support for reforms as 1916 election looms
Louis Brandeis
1916 brings tensions from Europe and Mexico
Sussex Pledge
Pancho Villa
John J. Pershing
Wilson re-elected in 1916
“He Kept Us Out of War”

6. March of Woman Suffrage.
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
March of Woman Suffrage.

7. ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Election of 1916

8. The 1916 Presidential Election
Wilson calls on Europeans to achieve “Peace Without Victory”
America enters the war
German resumes of unrestricted warfare (1917)
Zimmerman Telegraph
Russian Revolution
3 American ships sank in March
Congress declares war on Germany, April 6, 1917

9. A Nation at War U.S. hopes to send aid, but not troops
Numerous casualties
Selective Service Act is passed
U.S. increases army and navy
American Expeditionary Force
Admiral William Simms
Taxes and Liberty Bonds sales finance war
Herbert Hoover and the Lever Act
Farms prices increased
Prohibition becomes law amidst war

10. Managing a Wartime Economy
Federal government forms business-government partnership to manage war and keep Americans behind war effort
War Industries Board
National War Labor Board
Racial tensions increase, but African Americans supported war effort
Women fill jobs in defense industries
Wilson supports laws that curtail rights
Espionage Act
Trading with the Enemy Act
Alien Act
Animosity toward German Americans increases

11. Road to Victory Communist Revolution pulled Russia out of war
Allies, reinforced by Americans, held
Chateau-Thiery and Belleau Woods
In 1918, Americans went on the offensive
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
Germany agreed to surrender on fourteen points
Wilson alienated Republicans during war
Republicans gain control of Congress in 1918
Paris Peace Conference
David Lloyd George
Georges Clemenceau

12. American Participation on the Western Front
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
American Participation on the Western Front

13. Road to Victory (cont.’d)
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin
Bolsheviks
Terms of Treaty of Versailles harsh for Germans
Wilson is unhappy, but gives in to obtain League of Nations
Republicans unwilling to support Treaty as presented
President tours country to gain support for treaty
Suffers massive stroke
Wilson’s obstinately refuses compromise
Senate does not pass Treaty of Versailles

14. Europe After the Peace Conference, 1920

15. Europe and the Near East After the First World War

16. From War to Peace
Adjusting to peace is difficult, with labor unrest, inflation, and influenza
Progressivism declines after woman suffrage and prohibition become law
18th and 19th Amendments
Racial violence and a Red Scare contribute to unrest
Warren G. Harding wins 1920 election
Normalcy
Web

17. Discussion Questions
Why did the United States announce a policy of neutrality at the start of the war? What difficulties did this cause for the U.S. before entry into the war?
What factors led the U. S. to declare war on Germany? Was our involvement avoidable?
Analyze Wilson’s Fourteen Points. How was it different than the Treaty of Versailles?
What effect did the war have on the civil rights of women and minorities in America?