1. AIM: How did the major provisions of the Versailles Treaty differ from Wilson's 14 points? Do Now: Copy Vocabulary in your notebook 1.Armistice: an agreement to end war and wait for a PEACE TREATY (a legal agreement to end a war) to be drawn up. 2.Treaty of Versailles: Treaty created as a result of the six- month-long Paris Peace Conference of 1919 which put an official end to World War I. 3.Wilson’s Fourteen Points Plan: a peace plan, presented at the end of World War I by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson. 4.League of Nations: an international organization to promote world peace and cooperation that was created by the Treaty of Versailles (1919): dissolved April 1946.

2. Review From Yesterday Causes of WWI The fundamental causes of the World War I, or the Great War as it was known at the time, were Militarism, Alliance System, Nationalism, Imperialism, and the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria. The Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria) was assassinated while visiting Serbia.

3. The passenger ship referred to above, the RMS Lusitania, was sunk in May 1915, and the US went to war against Germany in April 1917. In other words, about 23 months passed between the two. The sinking of the Lusitania helped to turn American opinion against Germany, but it is certainly not the only reason for US involvement. It is far too remote. Most historians agree that it was not a single influence that provoked the US to declare war; rather, it was a confluence of many factors. 1.Unrestricted submarine warfare: the Germans sunk the Lusitania which was carrying innocent civilians (along with supplies and weapons for Great Britain) 2.The Zimmerman note: an encoded telegram sent from Germany to Mexico. It stated that if Mexico invaded the US they would get back some of their land. Fortunately the British intercepted the message and cracked the code in time to warn us. 3.Economic issues: the US had invested over $2.6 billion in the war. If the allied powers lost, we weren't ever going to get that money back. Review from yesterday The U.S. Enters The War

4. The Paris Peace Conference The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 was a conference organized by the victors of World War I to negotiate the peace treaties between the Allied and Associated Powers and the defeated Central Powers, that concluded with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.World War ITreaty of Versailles The Big Four Dominated the Conference. 1.David Lloyd George (Britain) 2.Vittorio Orlando (Italy) 3.Georges Clemenceau (France) 4.Woodrow Wilson (U.S.)

5. Activity #1 We will read The Treaty of Versailles together – Answer questions 1-7 on your own

6. What does this say about the Treaty?

7. Woodrow Wilson What did America Want? Woodrow Wilson wanted the treaty to be based on his Fourteen Points He believed Germany should be punished but not severely. He wanted a just settlement that would not leave Germany feeling resentful Wilson wanted to set up an international organization called The League of Nations which would settle disputes The American public did not support him. They were fed up with involvement in European affairs. The USA became more isolationist. Wilson’s Fourteen Points Henry Cabot Lodge led the attack on the Fourteen Points Republicans in the United States hated Wilson’s Fourteen Points. With a League of Nations, Congress lost the power to declare war. Britain, France, and Italy hated Wilson’s Fourteen Points, too. They felt it was weak. It didn’t punish Germany enough.

8. Activity #2 Read Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points – Answer the 4 questions that follow

9. Treaty of Versailles – Favored by Britain, France, and Italy Blame for the war falls solely on Germany. Germany must pay Allies $38 billion in reparations ($400 billion/2003) Establish the League of Nations What wish does Wilson get? U.S. refused to join the League of Nations Wilson tours the nation trying to win support for the League. The Treaty of Versailles

10. Summary The Treaty of Versailles (with Wilson's provision for a League of Nations included) was then sent to the US Senate for ratification (as required by the Constitutional process). The Senators feared that the League would threaten US autonomy and security by requiring the US to follow direction from an international body. The Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles and along with it membership in the League of Nations. How effective could the League of Nations be without the U.S. as a member?

11. A major purpose of President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points (1918) was to (1) ask Congress to enter World War I (2) set goals for achieving peace after World War I (3) provide an aid program for rebuilding war-torn nations (4) retaliate for the sinking of the Lusitania Henry Cabot Lodge and other senators opposed ratification of the Treaty of Versailles (1919) because they believed the treaty (1) failed to punish Germany for its involvement in World War I (2) excluded reparations for European allies (3) could draw the United States into future conflicts (4) placed blame for World War I on all the warring countries Many United States senators refused to support membership in the League of Nations because they believed that it would (1) endanger United States economic growth (2) force the United States to give up its colonies (3) grant the president the power to annex new territory (4) involve the United States in future foreign conflicts

12. One goal for a lasting peace that President Woodrow Wilson included in his Fourteen Points was (1) establishing a League of Nations (2) maintaining a permanent military force in Europe (3) returning the United States to a policy of isolationism (4) blaming Germany for causing World War I President Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points were proposed during World War I primarily to (1) define postwar objectives for the United States (2) outline military strategies for the United States (3) convince other democratic nations to join the United Nations (4) strengthen the United States policy of isolationism Following World War I, the United States Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles primarily because the treaty (1) failed to include most of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points (2) did not punish Germany for starting the war (3) contained provisions that might lead the United States into foreign conflicts (4) made no provision for reduction of military weapons

13. Complete the Compare/Contrast Chart for HOMEWORK