1. 1 policy preparation policy formulation policy execution policy evaluation Indicators The Policy Cycle

2. 2 The link of Indicators to the policy process Indicators linked to quantitative targets Indicators linked to stated objectives Indicators linked to policy intentions or public expectations 1 23

3. 3 Why indicators? Accountability! relevant policy questions indicators distance to target analysis accountability of policy makers/ environmental managers

4. 4 Why indicators? Peer pressure! relevant policy questions indicators country comparison peer pressure to do better (naming and shaming)

5. 5 Why indicators? Benchmarking! relevant policy questions indicators country comparison benchmarking dissemination of best experiences Transport CO 2 emissions: % change 1990-1999

6. 6 Why indicators? Support target setting! relevant policy questions indicators selection: "convergence criteria" target setting

7. 7 Why indicators? From Chaos… EuroStatECEEAOECDUNEP The Public and Decision-Makers ETC DG EuroStatECEEAOECDUNEP National Institutions The Public and Decision-Makers ETC DG

8. 8 …to order EuroStatECEEAOECDUNEP National Institutions The Public and Decision-Makers ETC DG EIONET

9. 9 Steps in indicator based reporting 1. Agree on a story 2. List (most important) policy questions 3.Select indicators that come close to answering these (ideal and actual) 4. Data compilation 5. Assessment 6. Conclusion (and modify, adapt, update and iterate)

10. 10 TERM: the story Growing greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector jeopardise the achievement of the EU's emission reduction target under the Kyoto Protocol Impacts on air quality, noise nuisance and the increasing fragmentation of the EU's territory, are equally worrying Transport growth - which remains closely linked to economic growth - and the shift towards road and aviation are the main drivers behind this development. Technology and fuel improvements prove to be only partly effective to reduce impacts They need to be complemented with measures to restrain the growth in transport and to redress the modal balance.

11. 11 TERM: main questions 1.Is the environmental performance of the transport sector improving? 2.Are we getting better at managing transport demand and at improving the modal split? 3.Are spatial and transport planning becoming better coordinated so as to match transport demand to the needs of access? 4.Are we optimising the use of existing transport infrastructure capacity and moving towards a better-balanced intermodal transport system? 5. Are we moving towards a fairer and more efficient pricing system, which ensures that external costs are internalised? 6. How rapidly are improved technologies being implemented and how efficiently are vehicles being used? 7. How effectively are environmental management and monitoring tools being used to support policy and decision-making?

12. Driving Forces Pressures State Responses Impact DPSIR Assessment Framework Quality Health, ecosystems materials Causes Pollutants Policies and targets

13. 13 A Performance Indicator Emissions of ozone precursors, EU15 target

14. 14 An Eco-efficiency Indicator The energy supply sector

15. 15 A Policy Effectiveness Indicator Reference emission Measures taken Actual emission

16. 16 TERM 2001 Indicators tracking transport and environment integration in the European Union

17. 17 Strategy for Sustainable Development (Gothenburg Summit June 2001 to RIO+10 June 2002) Structural Indicators Sectoral integration ind. Sectoral reporting Environmental issues reporting Integrated Monitoring and reporting Synthesis report with an annex of 35 Indicators The 'three corridors model' to follow progress in sustainable development Headline indicators Issues indicators Headline indicators Lisbon agenda (socio-economic policies) Sectoral strategies 6 th Environmental action plan (and specific thematic plans)

18. 18 Indicator architecture Spring council indicators sectoral headline indicators env. issue indicatorssectoral indicators env. issue headline indicators structural indicators

19. 19 EEA indicator products sector/environment indicators: TERM, EERM, AERM (IRENA) environmental issues: air pollution in Europe, trends in greenhouse gas emissions issue and sector indicators: Environmental signals Headline/structural indicators: input to DG Environment