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ANTE definition: before
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anteroom (n.) a room you pass through before you get to the main room.
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antebellum (adj.) Describes a time before a war (usually the Civil War). anti (before) + belli (war)
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ante (v.) – to place chips or money “in the kitty” before a poker hand is played.
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Word play Now that you know what ante means, what do you suppose meridian means, as in the abbreviation a.m. (11:00 a.m.)?
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Answer Meridian means noon or midday, so ante meridian (a.m.) means before noon.
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ANTHRO, ANTHROP definition: man, mankind
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philanthropy (n.) Goodwill towards mankind. philo (friend) + anthrop (man)
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anthropology (n.) The scientific study of the origins and culture of man. anthrop (man) + logo (thought)
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Word fun In science fiction, what is an android? Think of other words ending in oid. What might the suffix oid mean?
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Answers An android is a robot resembling a human. Other words using the oid suffix are humanoid, asteroid, factoid. Oid means resembling or like
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BELLI definition: war
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belligerent (adj.) Warlike; given to raging war. belli (war) + gerere (to conduct).
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rebellion (n.) War or resistance to authority, control, or tradition
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Word fun In the past, some words in our language formed their female form with the suffix trix. For example, aviatrix is an old term for a female pilot. Executrix is an old term for a woman who manages an estate. What is an old term for a female warrior?
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Answer An old term for a female warrior is bellatrix (latin for female warrior). Bellatrix is the name of a bright star in the Orion constellation. In Greek, the same star is named Amazon, after a group of mythological female warriors who loped off one breast to be able to shoot arrows more effectively.
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COUNTER definition: against, opposite
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counteract (tr. v.) to act in opposition to; frustrate by contrary action. counter (against) + act
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counterintelligence (n.) the activity of an intelligence service employed in going against the efforts of an enemy's intelligence agents to gather information or commit sabotage
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Word play Name a concept that is counterintuitive.
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Answer Until you study Boolean logic, it might seem counterintuitive that when you add the word “and” to a Google search, you end up with fewer hits rather than more.
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CRED definition: believe
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incredible (adj.) hard to believe; unbelievable. in (not) + cred (believe) + able (able to)
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credence (n.) belief as to the truth of something.
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Word play A credenza is a table, shelf, sideboard, or cabinet used in a church, office or home. It owes its name to its former use as a place for holding a lord’s food for a servant to taste to make sure there was no poison in it—taking the concept of belief to a whole new level.
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CULPA definition: fault
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culpability (n.) deserving blame or censure.
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mea culpa Through my fault; my fault (used as an acknowledgment of one's responsibility).
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Word play Using your knowledge of culpa, what is the definition of a culprit?
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Answer A culprit is one who is thought to be at fault.
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DERM definition: skin
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hypodermic (adj.) introduced under the skin. hypo (under) + derm (skin)
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dermatitis (n.) inflammation of the skin. derm (skin) + itis (inflammation)
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Word play What does a dermatologist do when he/she administers dermabrasion?
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Answer Dermabrasion is a procedure of improving skin by scraping the skin (abrasion) and allowing new skin growth to correct faults.
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DUC, DUCT definition: lead
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aquaduct (n.) a bridgelike structure that carries a water conduit or canal across a valley or over a river. aqua (water) + duct (lead)
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air duct (n.) an enclosure, usually of sheet metal, that conducts heated or conditioned air.
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Word play Originally, duct tape held ducts together. What’s the most unusual use you’ve heard of for duct tape? Please note, it’s not spelled duck tape.
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DYS definition: hard, ill, with difficulty
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dysfunction (n.) malfunctioning, as of an organ or structure of the body. dys (ill) + function
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dyslexia (n.) A learning disorder marked by impairment of the ability to recognize and comprehend written words. dys (ill) + lexi (word)
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Word play Probably everyone knows the symptoms of dysentery. What do you suppose enteric means? What are other words that use variations of enteron?
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Answer Enteric means intestines. Other words using this root are entrails, gastroenterologist.
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EGO definition: I, self
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egomaniac (n.) One who is obsessively preoccupied with the self. ego (self) + mania (madness)
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egocentric (adj.) regarding the self or the individual as the center of all things ego (self) + centric (middle of)
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Word play If alter means other, what is an alter ego?
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Answer An alter ego is another self you take on when it suits your purpose.
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FAC definition: do, make
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manufacture (tr. v.) to make or produce by hand or machinery, esp. on a large scale. manus (hand) + fac (make)
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factory (n.) A building in which goods are made; a plant. fac (make) + tory (relating to)
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Word play A high school is dependent on trained teachers who can do a variety of things. Another named for a combined group of teachers is a f _ _ _ _ _ _.
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Answer faculty
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