1. September 12, 2013 1

2.  The continuing crisis  Simulation Overview  Great Bear Rainforest Case  Mountain Pine Beetle Case September 12, 2013 2 Mean annual precipitation

3. GBR ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT  1/3 of GBR is protected, 2/3 operate under EBM, one key aspect of which is old growth representation. In March 2009, this amount was set at 50%, with some exemptions, even though a consensus science group recommended the amount be 70%. We have been delegated the task of establishing the appropriate level of old growth forest protection in the region. CONVERSION TO AREA-BASED TENURE  The Minister of Forests, Land, and Natural Resource Operations has proposed, as a way to improve forest management and increase the midterm timber supply in regions affected by the mountain pine beetle epidemic, to convert a number of volume- based licences to area-based ones. The Minister has directed a multistakeholder body to forge a consensus on a new tenure system by the end of the calendar year. September 12, 2013 3

4. 4  develop practical skills -- teamwork, research, and communication -- necessary for constructive participation in policy development  develop a deep understanding of one crucial component of forest policy.  Have a lot of fun learning

5. GBR ECOSYSTEM BASED MANAGEMENT  Greenpeace  Sierra Club of BC  Coast Forest Products Association  Truck Loggers Association  Western Forest Products  United Steelworkers  Central and North Coast Communities  Nanwakolas Council  Coastal First Nations CONVERSION TO AREA-BASED TENURE  Wilderness Tourism Association of BC  ForestEthics  Cariboo-Chilcotin Conservation Society  Council of Forest Industries  Canfor  Interior Logging Association  United Steelworkers  Carrier Sekani Tribal Council  First Nations Forestry Council 5

6. 6  meet in groups  required readings  consult "real world" versions of their groups  select a delegate (and an alternate) to speak and negotiate for them during the consultation.  evening, mock multistakeholder consultation attendance required for all participants :  EBM GBR Monday November 18  Area-based tenure Tuesday, November 19

7. 7  10% for the group brief not to exceed 2000 words. This is a group project, which clearly and concisely presents the group’s initial position on how to revise the rules. It should contain references. The briefs are due November 14.  10% for each student’s participation in the group. This grade will be based on the recommendations for grades that students provide for each other  10% for the performance of each group in the consultation.

8. September 12, 2013 8

10. The Place The Campaign The process The result EBM September 12, 2013 10

11.  Central and North Coast regions of BC  Globally significant ecosystem: largest areas of remaining intact coastal temperate rainforest in the world  Valuable timber resources  Remote communities  Unresolved aboriginal land claims September 12, 2013 11

12.  1995 - Enviros launch campaign to protect “Great Bear Rainforest”  direct action  market-based campaign targeting large purchasers September 12, 2013 12

13.  1996 – Land and Resource Management Plan (LRMP) - Multi- stakeholder planning process  enviros boycott September 12, 2013 13

14.  Enviros’ market campaign forces industry into (secret) negotiations outside of formal process  1998: Enviros and industry agree to cease- fire:  industry agrees to suspend logging in intact areas  engos agree to suspend market campaign and join LRMP process September 12, 2013 14

15.  April 2001 Framework Agreement (BC Gov, FN, engos, companies)  protected areas (20%)  deferrals (11%)  remainder covered by ecosystem-based management  established independent “Coast Information Team”  2004: Land and Resource Management Plan recommendations  2004-2005 – Government to Government negotiations  Crown government and First Nations September 12, 2013 15

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17. September 12, 2013 17

18. September 12, 2013 18 land base of 6.4 million ha (16 million acres)

19.  general definition  “… an adaptive approach to managing human activities that seeks to ensure the coexistence of healthy, fully functioning ecosystems and human communities. Coast Information Team, EBM FrameworkEBM Framework September 12, 2013 19

20.  Definition of EBM uncertain  Parties commit to full implementation of EBM by March 2009  Example of outstanding issue – old growth representation:  Coast Information Team, enviros say 70%  LRMPs, industry, government – and 2006 policy says 30%  March2009: 50% with exemptions, new commitment to “full implementation” by 2014 September 12, 2013 20

21.  One of most important land use decisions  Extraordinary instance of collaborative decisionmaking  Power shift created by enviros’ use of international market pressures  Landmark co-jurisdictional arrangements with First Nations  Challenging issues in policy design  Revealing implementation challenges September 12, 2013 21

22. September 15, 2009 22

23.  fire suppression increase volume of vulnerable host organisms ▪ area covered by mature pine increased by a factor of 3 from 1910-2000  climate change – decline in cold weather  In mid-winter, temperatures must consistently be below -35-40 C for several straight days to have any effect  In the early fall or late spring, sustained temperatures of -25 C can kill September 12, 2013 23

24.  Proportion of lodgepole pine of the interior timber harvesting land base: 50% 50  51% of the total provincial mature merchantable pine volume killed by 2010 51%  59% of pine will be killed by 2016 59%  61% by 2021 September 12, 2013 24

25. September 12, 2013 25

26. September 12, 2013 26

27. AAC Uplifts (about 14 million m3 – 28% across interior) Support for Beetle Action Coalitions Silviculture Investments Surveys, Reforestation, fertilization Capitalizing on new opportunities (e.g. Bioenergy, carbon trading) Research – Silviculture, wildfire, hydrology. Inventory Investments September 12, 2013 27

28. September 12, 2013 28

29.  2010 provincial AAC: 78.6 million m 3 *  Coast 17.1 million m 3  Interior AAC: 61.5 million m 3 ▪ 50.6 million m 3 pre-uplift  2030 provincial AAC: 57.5 million m 3  40.4 million m 3 interior  “fall-down” below pre-uplift: 10.1 million m 3  20% in interior (higher in some areas)  14% provincially

30.  Explosion at mill in Burns Lake, BC – Babine Forest Products owned by Hampton Affiliates  Justifying rebuilding of mill thought to require greater assurance of access to timber  Memo leaked with a number of controversial proposals  Response: Special Committee on Timber Supply September 12, 2013 30

31.  Bipartisan committee of Member of Legislative Assembly  Hearings throughout province September 12, 2013 31

32. September 12, 2013 32

33.  Clark government introduces Bill 8 that would amend Forest Act to allow the minister to accept application to convert FLs to TFLsBill 8  NDP, environmentalists express opposition  Proposal dropped, with promise to bring it back in when legislature is next in session (LOL) September 12, 2013 33

34.  Tuesday: Jason Forsyth, George Hoberg, and Laura Bird, “In Search of Certainty: A Decade of Shifting Strategies for Accommodating First Nations in Forest Policy, 2001-11,” pp. 299-312 in Aboriginal Peoples and Forest Lands in Canada, edited by D.B. Tindall, Ronald L. Trosper and Pamela Perreault., UBC Press 2013 – on sale separately in the department  Wednesday: TRC (next slide)  Thursday: Supreme Court of Canada, Haida Nation v. British Columbia (Minister of Forests), Supreme Court of Canada November 2004 September 12, 2013 34

35.  “F” (for Forestry) section of the Coliseum – come proudly wearing your UBC Forestry t-shirts.  Highlights of the program that include powerful presentations crucial for gaining understanding of the issues include:  9am The Welcome and Opening Ceremonies  11am Be the Change: Young People Healing the Past and Building the Future  1pm Commissioners Sharing Panel  3pm Expressions of Reconciliation, including UBC President, Professor Toope  Throughout the day, you may view exhibits and participate in other ways as well.  The full program is available at http://irsi.aboriginal.ubc.ca/files/2013/09/TRCprogram.pdf http://irsi.aboriginal.ubc.ca/files/2013/09/TRCprogram.pdf September 12, 2013 35