1. Fabrics
Apparel 2 – obj. 1.02

2. Fabric Construction: Weaving and Knitting

3. Woven Fabrics
Interlacing 2 sets of yarns at right angles to each other

4. Plain Weave Simplest of all weaves Most common
Over, under; over, under
**broadcloth, gingham, poplin
muslin, and many others

5. Twill Weave
Diagonal weave
**denim, gabardine
**firm, heavy weave

6. Satin Weave Shiny, reflects light Smooth and slippery Frays a lot
**lustrous appearance

7. Leno Weave Pairs of threads crossed over Looks “open”
Fruit bags, mosquito netting

8. Pile Weave
Raised surface
Loopy or furry
Velvet
Corduroy

9. Knits Weft – one yarn Warp – several yarns
Purl – looks the same on both sides
Purl Knit
Warp Knit
Weft Knit

10. Weft Knit**
Uses one yarn
**Single knit, ribbed and jersey

11. Double Knit 2 yarns and 2 sets of needles Heavier and sturdier
Doesn’t run or ravel

12. Ribbed Knit Vertical ribs on front and back
Neck and wrist bands on sweaters

13. Jersey Knit
Most common knit
Plain, single knit
T-shirts

14. Tricot Knit Very fine vertical wales on the right side
Stable knit – lies flat
Doesn’t run or ravel
Lingerie, underwear
Very fast to weave

15. Raschel Knit
Uses extra yarn to create a pattern

16. Non-woven Leather, lace, felt, disposable fabrics Heat, moisture
Adhesive, bonding
Yarns and layers

17. Non-woven Interlocking fibers Don’t fray or ravel Flexible
Might tear easily

18. Felting
Hot washing and drying wool
Shrinks
Soft and fluffy

19. Interfacing Very light to very heavy and stiff Padding (quilting)
Fusible or sew-in

20. Fabric Finishes
Special treatments applied to improve a fabric’s appearance, texture or performance

21. “Gray Goods”
Before any color or finish is added to the product.

22. Bleaching
Used to remove impurities in fabric to ensure a “true dye.”

23. Yarn Dyed Yarns are dyed before weaving or knitting.
Good for plaids, checks, and stripes. **

24. Fiber Dyed ** AKA “Stock Dyeing”
Natural fibers dyed before spun into yarn
Uniform color and good color fastness

25. Piece Dyed**
Fabric dyed after weaving or knitting

26. Garment Dyed
Fabric is cut and sewn
Entire garment or item is dyed

27. Color is transferred to surface of fabric to form a pattern
Printing Techniques
Color is transferred to surface of fabric to form a pattern

28. Printing pres with circular rollers
One for each color

29. Rotary Screen Fast, inexpensive 3500 yards per hour
Good for large designs**

30. Texture and Performance Finishes
Improves surface feel of fabric
Improve comfort and wear ability

31. Napping
Raised, Fuzzy Fabric

32. Sizing
Extra body and weight
Adds Starch

33. Weighting
A textured finish applied to make the garment stiffer and heavier looking than it is
Advantage is to use a cheaper lighter weight fabric and make it appear stronger than it really is