1. Five Major Functions of Skeleton
Provides shape and support
Enables the body to move
Protects internal organs
Produces blood cells
Store materials until body needs it

2. SHAPE AND SUPPORT Skeleton determines the shape of your body.
Bone that makes up the center of the skeleton is the backbone.
The 26 small bones make up the backbone are called vertebrae.
Allow movement (bending, twisting)

3. MOVEMENT How does the skeleton help the body move?
Muscles pull on bones to make the body move.

4. PROTECTION Bones protect the organs in your body. EXAMPLE:
Skull protects the brain
Rib cage protects the heart and lungs

5. PRODUCTION
Some bones in your body produce substances that your body needs.
The long bones of the arms & legs make blood cells.
STORAGE
Bones will store minerals such as Calcium and Phosphorus.
When your body needs the minerals, the bones release small amounts of them into the blood

6. JOINTS What is a joint? What are 2 kinds of joints in the body?
A place in the body where 2 bones come together.
What are 2 kinds of joints in the body?
Movable
Immovable

7. MOVABLE JOINTS Most of the joints in the human body are movable.
Joints are held together by:
Ligaments Connects bone to bone
Synovial Fluid  clear liquid to lubricate joint
Cartilage  cushioning connective tissue
Covers the ends of the bones and keeps them from rubbing against each other.

8. IMMOVABLE JOINTS
Joints in the body connect bones in a way that allows little or no movement.
EXAMPLE:
Bones of the skull are held together by immovable joints.

9. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Neck
Gliding
1 bone to slide over another
Wrists and ankles

10. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Ball and socket
Pivot
Gliding

11. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Pivot
Gliding

12. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Pivot
Gliding

13. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
Gliding

14. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Gliding

15. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Neck
Gliding

16. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Neck
Gliding
1 bone to slide over another

17. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Neck
Gliding
1 bone to slide over another
Wrists and ankles
Jaw

18. FOUR TYPES OF MOVABLE JOINTS Where it’s found in the body
Kind of Motion
Where it’s found in the body
Hinge
Forward or backward motion
Knees and Elbows
Ball and socket
Allows bones to swing in a circle
Shoulders and Hips
Pivot
1 bone rotates around another
Neck
Gliding
1 bone to slide over another
Wrists and ankles

21. BONES – STRONG & LIVING
Bones are living (made of cells), and undergo growth and development.
Bone Strength:
20% of body weight is bone
Stronger than concrete or granite rock
WHY?
Just like a rock, a bone is packed with minerals…phosphorus and calcium

22. BONE LAYERS Outer membrane Thin, tough outer covering
Compact bone  Hard and dense, not solid, Blood vessels and nerves run through this area
Spongy bone  Lots of small spaces, lightweight tissue, contains the marrow
Red marrow  Produces blood cells
Yellow marrow  Fat storage as an energy reserve

25. BONE GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT
Bones will make new bone tissue when:
1. During growth
2. In response to the force of the body’s weight
3. Healing a broken bone

26. TAKING CARE OF YOUR BONES
What can you do to keep your bones healthy?
Balanced diet
Regular exercise
A condition in which the body’s bones become weak & break easily?
Osteoporosis  Mineral loss in bones allowing body to become weak and break easily