1. Luxuries We Like To Have The “Luxury of Space” The “Luxury of Time” (nature strengthens the project over time) The “Luxury of Monitoring” The “Luxury of Adaptive Management”

2. UPSTREAM ANGLED ROCK VANES Phil Balch design, Little Blue River Elva Hynek property near Marysville, KS July 2003 Looking downstream

3. Rising Limb 40,000 cfs flood Rock Vanes Site # 8 – E. Hynek

4. ROCK VANES WITH STONE TOE PROTECTION ON THE SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY. 2 YEARS OLD DESIGNED BY CARL SCHWARTZ, U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE Photos by Dave Derrick APRIL 13, 2010

5. Looking DS @ a properly functioning Rock Vane. Thalweg leaves the bank US of the US end of the RV. Note calm water in “elbow” of Rock Vane. 2 YEARS OLD - SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY - PIX BY DERRICK 4-13-2010 Mini case study: 1 of 2

6. Looking US @ calm water in “elbow” of Rock Vane. Note thalweg location. 2 YEARS OLD - SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY - PIX BY DERRICK 4-13-2010 Mini case study: 2 of 2

7. Typical upstream angled rock vane From: www.E-senss.com from John McCullah’s Salix Applied Earthcare Pool Deposition is brown, scour is blue

8. Differences between Rock Vanes & Bendway Weirs: here are Rock Vanes Mini case study: 1 of 4

9. Here are some Bendway weirs, now let’s look at those rock vanes again Mini case study: 2 of 4

10. Differences between: BENDWAY WEIRS ROCK VANES LEVEL-CRESTED (flat) ANGLED-upstream 20 degrees from perpendicular (70 degrees from the bank) LENGTH-determined by how much river flow needs to be controlled & by future thalweg location HEIGHT- lower than any flow that can erode the bank, usually +/- 1 ft of the base flow (typical low-flow) water surface elevation SLOPED- Best at 10 to 1 ANGLED- 30 degrees from a line tangent to the bank LENGTH-determined by height at bank end, vane slope angle, and bathymetry at river end HEIGHT- varies by designer, anywhere from 1/3 bank full stage to bank full stage Mini case study: 3 of 4

11. Rock Vanes (again) Mini case study: 4 of 4

12. A system of Bendway Weirs, seen here in a physical movable-bed model, flow is left to right

14. Looking DS at a partially drained movable-bed coal model of the Middle Mississippi River (Dogtooth Bend)

15. UNREVETTED BEND REVETTED BEND Newly installed Bendway Weir Effects of Bendway Weirs 1.1. 3.3. 4.4. 2.2. From Rob Davinroy, St. Louis Corps

16. Movable-bed Model

17. Movable Bed Model

18. How Do Bendway Weirs Work? Water flowing over the weir is redirected at an angle perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the weir. With weirs angled upstream the erosive flow (energy) is directed away from the outer bank and toward the inner part of the bend. Strong secondary currents (helical flow) in bend are broken up. A set of weirs are designed to act as a system to capture, control, and redirect current directions and velocities through the bend and into the downstream crossing. Last weir in system can aim flow (and channel thalweg) where you need it.

21. BENDWAY WEIRS ON THE LITTLE BLUE RIVER, MARYSVILLE, KS

22. Bendway Weirs on the Little Blue River, working during flood, from Phil Balch of Wildhorse Riverworks, Inc The next 2 slides show the same Bendway Weirs Mini case study: 1 of 3

23. Deposition between Weirs from one bankfull flow 6/2002 on the Little Blue River, from Phil Balch of Wildhorse Riverworks, Inc Mini case study: 2 of 3

24. Natural Vegetation established on deposition 9/02 Site # 5 Martin - Jueneman Mini case study: 3 of 3

25. FISH COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO BENDWAY WEIR INSTALLATION ON THE LITTLE BLUE RIVER, KS.

26. 26 Phil Balch Wildhorse Riverworks, Inc. 11821 NW 13th Street Topeka, Kansas 66615 785-213-3778 Mobile 785-478-4886 Office FISH COMMUNITY CHANGES AT TWO BENDWAY WEIR STREAMBANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ON THE LITTLE BLUE RIVER, KS.

27. 27 Pre-Bendway Weir 2001 SPECIESNumberCPUE Longnose gar45.71 River carpsucker11.43 Channel catfish68.57 Common carp45.71 Red shiner2231.43 Gizzard shad11.43 Freshwater drum11.43 7 Species, 39 Individuals 1,150 feet long 20’ vertical banks Soil loss 1977 – 2000 = 12.7 acres (491,744 tons) Nitrates = 2,046 lbs Phosphorus = 18,686 lbs Potassium = 54,800 lbs John Hynek's site

28. 28 SITE 1: Post-weir 2006 SPECIESNumberCPUE Longnose gar11.1 River carpsucker5460.0 Channel catfish3943.3 Common carp1415.6 Red shiner533592.2 Gizzard shad342380.0 Flathead catfish77.8 Smallmouth buffalo11.1 Suckermouth minnow3336.7 Bluntnose minnow1011.1 Emerald shiner2224.4 Sand shiner208231.1 Bullhead minnow149165.6 Mosquitofish66.7 Orangespotted sunfish44.4 Green sunfish33.3 Freshwater drum77.8 17 Species, 1,433 Individuals Post-Bendway Weir 2006 John Hynek's site

29. Phil Balch builds Bendway Weirs a little taller & gets great wetlands between weirs. Little Blue River, Marysville, KS, high suspended-sediment sand bed river Pix by Derrick

30. Here a combination of Rock Vanes & Bendway Weirs were used to change the radius of the thalweg around a bend Original bankline Thalweg Bendway WEIRS Rock vane Flow

31. The way I like to build Bendway Weirs, note water surface disturbance

32. BW - CHAPTER 14: CASE STUDY- NEOSHO RIVER, ALLEN COUNTY, (MIKE GEFFERT’S PROPERTY) SOUTHEAST KANSAS Constructed May-July 2000 Using Bendway Weirs for thalweg realignment & bank erosion reduction

33. Neosho River Project Specifications River is 260 ft wide Gravel-sand bed Project is 2,200 ft long, Outer bank is 25 ft tall, it eroded 178 ft laterally in 6 years time 11 Bendway Weirs, are all 70 ft long, spaced 210 ft apart & constructed of “shot rock”, 400 lb max. First set of velocities (March 15, 2001) water was 6 ft over the weirs, second set of velocities (Mar 16, 2001) water was a measured 12 ft over the top of the weirs!! Velocities were measured with floating oranges

34. Pre-Project. Looking upstream at the near vertical eroded bank PRE-PROJECT-NEOSHO RIVER @ GEFFERT’S-PIX BY PHIL BALCH 8/25/99

35. Dozier pushing stone to form Bendway Weir #3. Note the thalweg is already being moved toward the center of the channel by the upstream weirs. CONSTRUCTION-NEOSHO RIVER @ GEFFERT’S- PIX BY PHIL BALCH 5/30/00

36. HIGH WATER – LET’S GET SOME VELOCITIES (We have a sack of oranges & time on our hands)

37. Mini case study: 3 of 3 Neosho River, Allen County, Kansas 12 ft of water over weirs (measured) Top water velocities within the weir field never exceeded 3.00 ft/second BW #7 BW #3 BW #11 2.88 6.47 6.08 2.92 4.07 4.97 2.63 4.54 4.64 Data collected March 15, 2001

38. CATTARAUGUS CREEK @ SAVAGE ROAD – CONSTRUCTED OCT 2004

39. Within the weir field 2.6 ft/sec Thalweg 6.4 ft/sec 8.0 ft/sec Looking DS in project bend, high water on Catt Creek, 11/4/2004 Slow water on the outside of the bend?? Mini case study: 8 of 12

40. SAME FLOW AS PREVIOUS BENDWAY WEIR PIX. Looking US at Rock Vane #2, high water, Catt Creek at Savage Rd. 11/4/2004, Rock Vane backs up water in the bend.

41. Rock Vane #2 dissipating energy, but consider the super- elevation of water upstream of the vane. 3/28/2006-Pix by Mayer

42. CHAUTAUQUA CREEK ICE DAMAGE REDUCTION PROJECT –Near its mouth @ Lake Erie Severe scour from ice and high flow velocities on the right descending bank had resulted in an overwidened section of stream. Mid-channel sediment bars, mouth of creek @ Lake Erie clogged No holding areas or habitat for steelhead A heavily used public fishing section of the stream

43. NEED PLANS & SPECS Single Stone Bendway Weirs Key Trench Stone & Stacked Stone Wall Sloped Stone using “Big Flats” Flow

44. DRILLING & PEGGING TOE STONES & SINGLE STONE BENDWAY WEIRS WITH METAL RODS TO BEDROCK

45. Pix by Joe Galati Dave Spann of Chautauqua County Soil & Water Conservation District with a 7.5 ft long, 2.5 inch diameter bar. Dave did everything from writing the grant to providing extraordinary project management. On time and under budget!!!!

46. Construction June 2006. Drilling solid stone Pix by Joe Galati

47. Construction June 2006. Looking US. Metal pinning rods not cut off yet. Pix by derrick

48. Looking upstream at the SINGLE-STONE BENDWAY WEIRS

49. Aug 31, 2006, looking US at two pegged to bedrock Single-Stone Bendway Weirs in the stacked stone wall section. Pix by derrick

50. A high water flow event. Mar 14, 2007

51. Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Note slow water near right bank due to Single Stone Bendway Weirs Pix by Joe Galati

52. Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Three submerged Bendway Weirs can be located due to surface disturbance Pix by Joe Galati

53. Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Close-up of two submerged Bendway Weirs Pix by Joe Galati

54. 16 MONTHS AFTER CONSTRUCTION NOV 2007

55. Nov 8, 2007. Looking DS. Thalweg off the ends of the Bendway Weirs Pix by Joe Galati

56. COMBINATIONS OF REDIRECTIVE & RESISTIVE TECHNIQUES

57. Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump Yolo County, CA

58. THE PLAN !! Footprint of the Dunnigan burn dump LPSTP BENDWAY WEIR KEY Thalweg Management Pre & Post-Project Conditions THALWEG-Post Project THALWEG-Pre-Project

59. The Bendway Weirs are designed to reduce velocities near the LPSTP, & move the thalweg to a location off the ends of the Bendway Weirs. Weirs also provide protection redundancy. Mini case study: 2 of 10

60. Pix by John McCullah - October 1998 DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ LPSTP & 1 Bendway Weir Mini case study: 3 of 10

61. Pix by John McCullah-Jan 1999 3 months later-Looking DS @ tall cliff area. The weirs were not overtopped the first winter. Mini case study: 4 of 10

62. Pix by John McCullah - Jan 17, 2001 2+ Years-Looking DS @ the project bend, deposition in weir field. Mini case study: 6 of 10

63. Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah-Feb 14, 2008 9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ completely filled in Bendway Weir field results in a wide buffer of protection for the burn dump. Mini case study: 10 of 10

64. Does your mind look like this? GOOD, my work is done. QUESTIONS???